Performance analysis is carried out in a near-field multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system for both discrete and continuous aperture antennas. The effective degrees of freedom (EDoF) is first derived. It is shown that near-field MIMO systems have a higher EDoF than free-space far-field ones. Additionally, the near-field EDoF further depends on the communication distance. Based on the derived EDoF, closed-form expressions of channel capacity with a fixed distance are obtained. As a further advance, with randomly deployed receivers, ergodic capacity is derived. Simulation results reveal that near-field MIMO has an enhanced multiplexing gain even under line-of-sight transmissions. In addition, the performance of discrete MIMO converges to that of continuous-aperture MIMO.
翻译：本文在近场多输入多输出（MIMO）系统中，分析了离散和连续孔径天线的性能。首先推导出了有效自由度（EDoF）。表明近场MIMO系统具有比自由空间远场系统更高的EDoF。此外，近场EDoF还取决于通信距离。基于推导出的EDoF，得出了通道容量的封闭式表达式，在距离固定的情况下进行Analysis。此外，通过随机部署接收器，推导出了遍历容量。模拟结果表明，即使在视距通信下，近场MIMO也具有增强的多路复用增益。此外，离散MIMO的性能趋于连续孔径MIMO的性能。
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