COVID-19 is a severe global epidemic in human history. Even though there are particular medications and vaccines to curb the epidemic, tracing and isolating the infection source is the best option to slow the virus spread and reduce infection and death rates. There are three disadvantages to the existing contact tracing system: 1. User data is stored in a centralized database that could be stolen and tampered with, 2. User's confidential personal identity may be revealed to a third party or organization, 3. Existing contact tracing systems only focus on information sharing from one dimension, such as location-based tracing, which significantly limits the effectiveness of such systems. We propose a global COVID-19 information sharing and risk notification system that utilizes the Blockchain, Smart Contract, and Bluetooth. To protect user privacy, we design a novel Blockchain-based platform that can share consistent and non-tampered contact tracing information from multiple dimensions, such as location-based for indirect contact and Bluetooth-based for direct contact. Hierarchical smart contract architecture is also designed to achieve global agreements from users about how to process and utilize user data, thereby enhancing the data usage transparency. Furthermore, we propose a mechanism to protect user identity privacy from multiple aspects. More importantly, our system can notify the users about the exposure risk via smart contracts. We implement a prototype system to conduct extensive measurements to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of our system.
翻译:COVID-19是人类历史上一个严重的全球流行病,尽管有特定药品和疫苗来遏制这一流行病,但追踪和隔离感染源是减缓病毒传播和减少感染和死亡率的最佳选择,现有联系追踪系统有三个缺点:1. 用户数据储存在中央数据库中,可以被盗和篡改;2. 用户保密的个人身份可能透露给第三方或组织;3. 现有联系追踪系统仅侧重于一个层面的信息共享,例如基于地点的追踪,这大大限制了这种系统的效力。我们提议建立一个全球COVID-19信息共享和风险通知系统,利用屏链、智能合同和蓝牙等系统来减缓病毒传播,这是减缓感染和降低死亡率的最佳选择。为了保护用户隐私,我们设计了一个全新的基于链基平台,可以分享来自多个层面的一致和不公开的联系追踪信息,例如间接接触的地点和直接接触的蓝牙。 高端智能智能合同架构还旨在让用户就如何处理和使用用户数据达成全球协议,从而增强数据使用透明度。此外,我们提议了一个新的基于安全性的系统,我们可以通过智能的系统来保护用户安全度测量系统。