Cross-interactive residual smoothing for global and block Lanczos-type solvers for linear systems with multiple right-hand sides

Global and block Krylov subspace methods are efficient iterative solvers for large sparse linear systems with multiple right-hand sides. However, global or block Lanczos-type solvers often exhibit large oscillations in the residual norms and may have a large residual gap relating to the loss of attainable accuracy of the approximations. Conventional residual smoothing schemes suppress the oscillations but do not aid in improving the attainable accuracy, whereas a novel residual smoothing scheme enables the attainable accuracy for single right-hand side Lanczos-type solvers to be improved. The underlying concept of this scheme is that the primary and smoothed sequences of the approximations and residuals influence one another, thereby avoiding the severe propagation of rounding errors. In the present study, we extend this cross-interactive residual smoothing to the case of solving linear systems with multiple right-hand sides. The resulting smoothed methods can reduce the residual gap with few additional costs compared to their original counterparts. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach through rounding error analysis and numerical experiments.