Autonomous vehicles use 3D sensors for perception. Cooperative perception enables vehicles to share sensor readings with each other to improve safety. Prior work in cooperative perception scales poorly even with infrastructure support. AutoCast enables scalable infrastructure-less cooperative perception using direct vehicle-to-vehicle communication. It carefully determines which objects to share based on positional relationships between traffic participants, and the time evolution of their trajectories. It coordinates vehicles and optimally schedules transmissions in a distributed fashion. Extensive evaluation results under different scenarios show that, unlike competing approaches, AutoCast can avoid crashes and near-misses which occur frequently without cooperative perception, its performance scales gracefully in dense traffic scenarios providing 2-4x visibility into safety critical objects compared to existing cooperative perception schemes, its transmission schedules can be completed on the real radio testbed, and its scheduling algorithm is near-optimal with negligible computation overhead.
翻译:合作感知使车辆能够相互分享感知读数,以提高安全性。以前,即使有基础设施支持,合作感知规模也差强人意。AutoCast使得能够利用直接的车辆对车辆的通信进行可扩展的基础设施无合作感知。它根据交通参与者之间的定位关系及其轨迹的演进,仔细确定哪些物体可以共享;它以分布方式协调车辆和最理想地安排传输时间。不同情景下的广泛评价结果表明,AutoCast与相互竞争的方法不同,AutoCast可以避免经常发生的撞车和近距离事故,而没有合作感知,其性能在密集的交通情景下,与现有的合作感知计划相比,能向安全关键物体提供2-4x的可见度,其传输时间表可以在真正的无线电测试台完成,其调度算法接近最优化,可忽略的计算间接费用。