Artificial intelligence (AI) systems operate in increasingly diverse areas, from healthcare to facial recognition, the stock market, autonomous vehicles, and so on. While the underlying digital infrastructure of AI systems is developing rapidly, each area of implementation is subject to different degrees and processes of legitimization. By combining elements from institutional theory and information systems-theory, this paper presents a conceptual framework to analyze and understand AI-induced field-change. The introduction of novel AI-agents into new or existing fields creates a dynamic in which algorithms (re)shape organizations and institutions while existing institutional infrastructures determine the scope and speed at which organizational change is allowed to occur. Where institutional infrastructure and governance arrangements, such as standards, rules, and regulations, still are unelaborate, the field can move fast but is also more likely to be contested. The institutional infrastructure surrounding AI-induced fields is generally little elaborated, which could be an obstacle to the broader institutionalization of AI-systems going forward.
翻译:人工智能(AI)系统在从保健到面部识别、股票市场、自主车辆等日益多样化的领域运作。虽然人工智能系统的基本数字基础设施正在迅速发展,但每个执行领域都受到不同程度和合法化过程的制约。通过将体制理论和信息系统理论的要素结合起来,本文件提出了一个概念框架来分析和理解人工智能引起的实地变化。将新的人工智能试剂引入新的或现有的领域,创造了一种动态,使算法(re)结构的组织和机构能够确定允许组织变革的范围和速度。当机构基础设施和治理安排,如标准、规则和条例,仍然处于不完善的状态时,实地可以快速移动,但也更有可能受到质疑。人工智能活动领域周围的体制基础设施一般很少阐述,这可能会阻碍AI系统更广泛的体制化。