Efficient localization plays a vital role in many modern applications of Unmanned Ground Vehicles (UGV) and Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), which would contribute to improved control, safety, power economy, etc. The ubiquitous 5G NR (New Radio) cellular network will provide new opportunities for enhancing localization of UAVs and UGVs. In this paper, we review the radio frequency (RF) based approaches for localization. We review the RF features that can be utilized for localization and investigate the current methods suitable for Unmanned vehicles under two general categories: range-based and fingerprinting. The existing state-of-the-art literature on RF-based localization for both UAVs and UGVs is examined, and the envisioned 5G NR for localization enhancement, and the future research direction are explored.
翻译:地面无人驾驶车辆和无人驾驶飞行器的许多现代应用中,当地化对于提高控制、安全、电力经济等工作至关重要。无处不在的5G NR(新无线电)蜂窝网络将为加强无人驾驶飞行器和无人驾驶飞行器的本地化提供新的机会。在本文件中,我们审查了无线电频率(RF)定位方法。我们审查了可用于本地化的RF特征,并调查了目前适用于无人驾驶飞行器的以下两大类方法:以射程和指纹为基础的当前方法。正在审查关于基于RF的无人驾驶飞行器和无人驾驶飞行器的本地化的现有最新文献,并探讨了5GNR用于本地化的构想,以及未来研究方向。