In previous research, we showed that 'texts that tell a story' exhibit a statistical structure that is not Maxwell-Boltzmann but Bose-Einstein. Our explanation is that this is due to the presence of 'indistinguishability' in human language as a result of the same words in different parts of the story being indistinguishable from one another. In the current article, we set out to provide an explanation for this Bose-Einstein statistics. We show that it is the presence of 'meaning' in 'stories' that gives rise to the lack of independence characteristic of Bose-Einstein, and provides conclusive evidence that 'words can be considered the quanta of human language', structurally similar to how 'photons are the quanta of light'. Using several studies on entanglement from our Brussels research group, we also show that it is also the presence of 'meaning' in texts that makes the von Neumann entropy of a total text smaller relative to the entropy of the words composing it. We explain how the new insights in this article fit in with the research domain called 'quantum cognition', where quantum probability models and quantum vector spaces are used in human cognition, and are also relevant to the use of quantum structures in information retrieval and natural language processing, and how they introduce 'quantization' and 'Bose-Einstein statistics' as relevant quantum effects there. Inspired by the conceptuality interpretation of quantum mechanics, and relying on the new insights, we put forward hypotheses about the nature of physical reality. In doing so, we note how this new type of decrease in entropy, and its explanation, may be important for the development of quantum thermodynamics. We likewise note how it can also give rise to an original explanatory picture of the nature of physical reality on the surface of planet Earth, in which human culture emerges as a reinforcing continuation of life.
翻译:在先前的研究中,我们展示了“讲述故事的文本” 展示了一个不是 Maxwell-Boltzmann, 而是 Bose- Einstein 的统计结构。 我们的解释是,由于故事中不同部分中的同一种词, 不同部分中的“ 不可分性” 在人类语言中存在“ 不可分性 ” 。 在目前的文章中, 我们准备为Bose- Einstein 统计数据提供一个解释。 我们表明, 是一种“ 直流” 的 直流性结构, 而不是“ 直流 ”, 而不是“ 直流 ”, 导致缺乏Bose- Einstein 的独立特征, 并且提供了确切的证据表明, “ 语言可以被视为 地球语言的夸脱节性 ”, 在结构的不同部分中, “ 粒子” 是“ 奇异性”, 我们用于“ 量值” 的直流体, 我们也可以证明“ 直径” 的直径 和直径 的直径 的直径 的直径性, 和直径直径值 的直径值 的直径值 的直径值, 我们如何在研究中, 直径 直径直径的直径的直径的直径值的直径上, 向上,, 直径直径的直径向上, 向上, 直径直径直径向的直的直的直, 。