With the recent advancements in edge artificial intelligence (AI), future sixth-generation (6G) networks need to support new AI tasks such as classification and clustering apart from data recovery. Motivated by the success of deep learning, the semantic-aware and task-oriented communications with deep joint source and channel coding (JSCC) have emerged as new paradigm shifts in 6G from the conventional data-oriented communications with separate source and channel coding (SSCC). However, most existing works focused on the deep JSCC designs for one task of data recovery or AI task execution independently, which cannot be transferred to other unintended tasks. Differently, this paper investigates the JSCC semantic communications to support multi-task services, by performing the image data recovery and classification task execution simultaneously. First, we propose a new end-to-end deep JSCC framework by unifying the coding rate reduction maximization and the mean square error (MSE) minimization in the loss function. Here, the coding rate reduction maximization facilitates the learning of discriminative features for enabling to perform classification tasks directly in the feature space, and the MSE minimization helps the learning of informative features for high-quality image data recovery. Next, to further improve the robustness against variational wireless channels, we propose a new gated deep JSCC design, in which a gated net is incorporated for adaptively pruning the output features to adjust their dimensions based on channel conditions. Finally, we present extensive numerical experiments to validate the performance of our proposed deep JSCC designs as compared to various benchmark schemes.
翻译:随着边缘人工智能 (AI) 的最新进展,未来的第六代 (6G) 网络需要支持新的 AI 任务,如分类和聚类,而不仅仅是数据恢复。受深度学习的成功启发,基于语义感知和任务导向的深度联合源通道编码 (JSCC) 的通信已经成为从传统的基于数据的源通道分离编码 (SSCC) 到 6G 的新范式转变。然而,大多数现有的研究集中在针对数据恢复或 AI 任务执行中一个任务的深度 JSCC 设计上,这些设计不能转移到其他意外的任务。本文研究了 JSCC 语义通信以支持多任务服务,通过同时执行图像数据恢复和分类任务。首先,我们通过在损失函数中统一编码率减小最大化和均方误差 (MSE) 最小化来提出一个新的端到端深度 JSCC 框架。其中,编码率减小最大化有助于在特征空间中直接执行分类任务的学习具有鉴别性的特征,MSE 最小化有助于学习有信息量的特征以进行高质量的图像数据恢复。接下来,为了进一步提高对变量无线信道的鲁棒性,我们提出了一种新的门控深度 JSCC 设计,其中加入了门控网络,以根据信道条件自适应地修剪输出特征以调整它们的维度。最后,我们展示了广泛的数值实验,以验证我们提出的深度 JSCC 设计与各种基准方案相比的性能。