基于结构功率流的果树振动收获能耗机理研究

项目名称： 基于结构功率流的果树振动收获能耗机理研究

项目编号： No.51305445

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 机械、仪表工业

项目作者： 陈度

作者单位： 中国农业大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 快速、低损、节能的振动式果品采收技术是果树机械化收获作业的基础，也是实现果园规模化种植的关键技术之一。针对目前振动收获中果实分离效率不高、果实损伤率大等问题，综合应用理论分析、数学建模、试验验证，以及数值分析等方法，开展振动式果树收获过程的能量传递和耗散机理研究。具体包括：研究"果树-机械"收获系统不同耦合结构动力学和功率流表达方法，探索不同子系统能量传递耗散效率的评价指标；通过对果树复杂生物体振动结构功率流的测定，提取振动能传递过程中的空间响应特征信息，并建立"果树-机械"收获系统能量耗散模型，分析振动收获过程中影响振动能量转换、传递和耗散效率关键参数的变化规律；最后利用能耗模型研究不同激励下典型树形结构中振动能量的分布特性和可视化表达方法。本研究可为实现果品高效机械采收机械设计提供理论和应用基础，同时也为研究复杂生物体在受迫振动过程中的空间响应特性提供新的思路和方法。

中文关键词： 振动收获；整形果树；有限元方法；功率流；能量耗散

英文摘要： Vibratory fruit harvest, considering as a fast harvest method with low fruit damage rate and low energy consumption, is the fundamental technology for fruit tree harvest mechanization and one of the key technologies to develop large-scale fruit tree farming.To address current problems such as low fruit detachment rate and high damage rate of existing vibratory harvest technology, methods including theoretical analysis, mathematical modelling, experimental validation and numerical analysis are utilized to investigate the energy transfer and dissipation during vibration process. The objectives of this research are: (1)Investigate the danymics of diverse coupled stucture and power flow expression of tree-machine system, and explore the indicators for evaluating energy transfer efficiency of different subsystems. (2)Investigate the spatial response characteristics during vibration energy transformation based on power flow measurement from indoor experiments, analyze the variation of energy transfer and dissipation efficiency during vibration process, and develop the energy dissipation model for tree-machine system. (3)Investigate energy distribution and visualization method under different excitation for typical tree architectures based on the energy dissipation model. This project will provide theoretical and appli

英文关键词： vibratory harvest；trained fruit tree；finite element method；power flow；energy dissipation