畜禽粪便贮存过程含氮气体排放与微生物影响机制

项目名称： 畜禽粪便贮存过程含氮气体排放与微生物影响机制

项目编号： No.31302010

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 朱志平

作者单位： 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所

项目金额： 23万元

中文摘要： 畜禽粪便管理过程气体排放是主要的温室气体和人为氮沉降排放源，申请者等已经对畜禽粪便固体贮存过程中的温室气体和氨气排放状况进行了初步研究，但这些研究只是进行了宏观界面的温室气体和氨气排放通量观测，而对粪便贮存过程中的含氮气体排放的微生物影响机制等微观过程研究欠缺；国内外也未见有固体粪便贮存过程中含氮气体排放与微生物群落结构之间的关系报道。本项目将重点通过对不同畜禽种类（猪、牛、鸡）的固体粪便、在不同管理措施（堆高、贮存温度、添加覆盖物）下的贮存过程中氨气和氧化亚氮2种含氮气体的排放通量进行测定，同时取样分析影响含氮气体排放的粪便理化特性和微生物形态特性，获得固体粪便在贮存过程中含氮气体排放的变化规律，查明其主要微生物影响机制，对综合分析提出减少固体粪便贮存过程中含氮气体排放的管理技术措施具有重要意义。

中文关键词： 粪便贮存；氨气；氧化亚氮；排放因子；微生物特性

英文摘要： Waste management process gas emissions are the main greenhouse gas emissions and N deposition source. Applicants have done some preliminary research about greenhouse gases and ammonia emissions during solid manure storage, and these research mainly focus on the emission fluxes from the macro interface. Monitoring the microbial structure in animal manure treatment systems is important for the effective management of solid storage for various animal manure. However, it is lack of nitrogen gases emssions with microbial effects mechanism under micro process for solid manure storage practice, there are no reports on the nitrogen gases emissions with microbial community structure. In this study, we focus on ammonia and nitrous oxide emissions for the solid manure storage practice from different animal type(swine, cow, poultry) with different management method(storage height, storage temperature, cover), when the manure physical and chemical properties and microbial characteristics will been measured. The objectives of this research are as follows: (1) to get the nitrogen gases emissions variation for solid manure storage under different management practice; (2) to find out the main influence factors for nitrogen gases emissions including manure physical chemical properties and microbial characteristics; (3) to compreh

英文关键词： manure storage；ammonia；nitrous oxide；emission factor；microbial charateristics