中国榕属无花果亚属(Ficus subg. Ficus)的分类学研究

项目名称： 中国榕属无花果亚属(Ficus subg. Ficus)的分类学研究

项目编号： No.31270242

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 李宏庆

作者单位： 华东师范大学

项目金额： 82万元

中文摘要： 榕属无花果亚属(Ficus subg. Ficus, Berg 2003)是我国榕属植物中物种多样性最高的亚属，集中分布在喜马拉雅-中国-马来西亚区域，它们与其传粉者构成了独特的互惠共生关系。然而由于种类多、分布广、形态变异大、雌花期及雄花期榕果标本采集及记录不全，加上榕-蜂协同进化压力下形成的趋同进化性状与榕树本身的系统发育性状相混杂，给该亚属的分类学和系统学研究造成了极大困难，分类修订工作进展缓慢，不少种类的分类学问题没有得到解决，一些种类的处理值得商榷，亚属和组下类群间的关系模糊不清。本项目拟主要针对国产无花果亚属开展形态学、微形态解剖学、分子系统学研究，筛选系统发育性状，探讨亚属下类群间的亲缘关系、确定有争议种类的身份、理清复合群内种间界限，解决国产无花果亚属分类上存在的诸多遗留问题，为世界榕属植物的修订积累新资料。本项目为首次应用多学科手段进行中国榕属的分类修订工作。

中文关键词： 无花果亚属；复合群；分类修订；系统发育；中国

英文摘要： Subg. Ficus (Ficus, Moraceae) have the most species diversity in the genus Ficus of China and are often associated with the Sino-Himalayan-Malesian region. These figs form the unique mutualistic-symbiosis with their hostspecific pollinators. However, the present situation that its species diversity, wide distribution, variously morphological character, insufficient collections and records of specimen with fig fruits at male flower stage or female flower stage, and the terrible mixture of its own phylogenetic characters and the convergent evolution characters resulting from the fig-wasp coevolution pressure exist, pose great challenges to the taxonomy and phylogenetic study of subg. Ficus, making the process of taxonomic revision slow, much taxonomic problems unresolved, some treatments worthy of discussion, and the relationship of groups among subgenera and infrasections unclear. This study aims to solve the bequeathal taxonomic problems of subg. Ficus by performing morphological, micromorphological-antonomical study and molecular phylogenetical study, filtering phylogenetic characters, exploring the relationship among infra-subgenera entities, delimiting those problematic species and those interspecific variance in complexes, and also provide data for worldwide revision of Ficus. This study is first to perform

英文关键词： subgenus Ficus；species complex；taxonomic revision；phylogeny；China