中国沿海骨条藻的种类与遗传多样性研究

项目名称： 中国沿海骨条藻的种类与遗传多样性研究

项目编号： No.41276128

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 高亚辉

作者单位： 厦门大学

项目金额： 96万元

中文摘要： 海洋硅藻骨条藻(Skeletonema)是一类世界性分布的重要硅藻,也是常见赤潮生物。但因其属于形态学种类鉴定的疑难种，在我国沿海的种类多样性和分布特征尚不明确，绝大多数研究都把其归入中肋骨条藻,从而阻碍了对该类群的进一步研究。而实际上骨条藻存在很高的种类与遗传多样性。本项目拟采用形态学与分子生物学相结合的方法对我国沿海骨条藻进行种类鉴定与多样性研究。其中形态学鉴定采用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜技术。分子生物学鉴定主要采用基因（核糖体DNA和细胞色素b基因）克隆、序列分析、ISSR和AFLP等分子标记技术。结合形态学和分子生物学结果，明确我国沿海骨条藻的种类组成与分布，阐明其种类多样性与遗传地理差异，澄清目前骨条藻分类上的混乱情形，有望发现骨条藻的新记录种或新种。这不仅可以丰富我国海洋浮游植物和硅藻研究，而且对海洋生态、赤潮、渔业水产等方面研究具有重要的理论和实际意义。

中文关键词： 硅藻；骨条藻；多样性；种类鉴定；中国沿海

英文摘要： Skeletonema is a common and wordwide distributed diatom genus and is a very common red-tide organism in coastal waters. However, morphological identification of Skeletonema species is usually difficult and most studies have named it as S. costatum. Recent studies have showed the high species diversity of Skeletonema. But the species diversity and ecological distribution of Skeletonema in China seas keeps poorly known. Correct identification of Skeletonema species will facilitate the further studies on this significant diatom genus. In this project, samples will be collected seasonally or monthly from different waters of China seas. Both morphological and molecular identification technologies will be used in species identification of Skeletonema. Morphological identification will be made with light microscopy and electron microscopy (SEM and TEM), while molecular identification by gene clone, sequence analysis, ISSR and AFLP. The species diversity, phylogenetics and distribution of Skeletonema in China seas will be studied in this project based on morphological and molecular results. The purpose of this study is to clarify the species diversity and distribution of Skeletonema in China seas which has much significance in the study and application of Skeletonema in marine ecology, red-tide, and fisheries.

英文关键词： diatom；Skeletonema；diversity；species identification；China seas