项目名称: 家白蚁唾液腺来源关键生物预处理酶的识别及其作用机制初探
项目编号: No.31201752
项目类型: 青年科学基金项目
立项/批准年度: 2013
项目学科: 生物科学
项目作者: 耿阿蕾
作者单位: 江苏大学
项目金额: 22万元
中文摘要: 白蚁系统是地球上一种古老的、高度进化的木质纤维素降解系统,在生物质能源领域具有巨大的应用潜力。白蚁唾液腺来源的酶被认为可能具有生物预处理作用,以便木质纤维素在后肠的水解与发酵。因此,本研究拟从家白蚁唾液腺总RNA的RNA-seq深度测序结果中通过比较转录组的方法寻找对木质纤维素的生物预处理起关键作用的酶。接着将这些酶(初步预计为漆酶、酚氧化酶或阿魏酸酯酶等酶)在大肠杆菌或毕赤酵母中进行表达、蛋白纯化及酶学特性分析;并根据其在具体酶解过程中与不同来源糖苷水解酶的协同性,研究这几种组合酶对木质纤维素的预处理作用与机制。同时,利用喂食同源dsRNA干扰目的基因表达的方法研究这几类基因对白蚁消化功能的影响,从而探明这几种酶在白蚁降解木质纤维素过程中的作用。研究结果和结论将有助于从机理上阐明白蚁唾液腺分泌酶在木质纤维素降解过程中的作用机制,从而为实现木质纤维素的高效降解提供新的理论依据。
中文关键词: 生物预处理;家白蚁;唾液腺;木质纤维素;
英文摘要: The termite system, which is an ancient and highly evolved lignocellulose degrading system on the earth, is believed to hold great promise for bioenergy research. And enzymes secreted from the salivary glands of termites are considered to play an important role in biological pretreatment, which facilitate the hydrolysis and fermentation of lignocellulose in the hindgut. Hence, this study will focus on the discovery of important biomass pretreatment genes from Coptotermes formosanus through comparative analysis of salivary gland-specific transcription profiles from different feeding plans, employing the sequence information of RNA-seq. Subsequently, these candidate genes (probably laccases, phenol oxidizing enzymes, feruloyl esterases coding genes and et al.) will be expressed in Escherichia coli or Pichia pastoris and the resulted enzymes will be purified and characterized. The biological pretreatment functions will be identified by quantifying the synergistic effects of these enzymes in combination with native hindgut-sourced cellulases or commercial cellulases. Meanwhile, specific gene expression will be silenced by feeding termites with homologous dsRNA and the physiological functions of the corresponding enzymes in the digestive process will be determined. The results and conclusions will help to demonstra
英文关键词: Biological pretreatment;Coptotermes formosanus;Salivary gland;Lignocellulose;