基于多源信息融合的草原火灾风险评价体系构建及其在应急管理中的应用研究

项目名称： 基于多源信息融合的草原火灾风险评价体系构建及其在应急管理中的应用研究

项目编号： No.40871236

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2009

项目学科： 金属学与金属工艺

项目作者： 张继权

作者单位： 东北师范大学

项目金额： 40万元

中文摘要： 本课题针对我国草原火灾科学基础研究、控制和应急管理的薄弱环节，以我国北方重要畜牧区-内蒙古锡林郭勒盟为研究示范区，通过草原火灾风险形成机理和可燃物特征快速获取方法等基础问题的研究，构建多要素草原火灾风险评价指标体系及风险评价综合模型。研究将综合运用室内外实验、数理方法、3S技术，实现多源信息融合，进行客观的草原火灾风险评价，将风险评价结果应用在草原火灾风险预警及防火资源布局优化与救助等应急管理的关键问题上，构建草原火灾应急管理辅助决策系统，实现草原火灾风险评价、预警和应急对应管理的数字化、自动化和可视化。本研究将弥补我国草原火灾风险评价与应急管理研究基础的不足，解决草原火灾应急管理的关键性问题，研究结果可以推广到我国其它草原区，推动草原火灾风险评价与应急管理研究的进程。研究成果将为各级草原防火管理部门制定草原火灾日常管理的对策、应急预案体系和减灾规划及防火救助等提供科学依据和技术支撑。

中文关键词： 草原火灾；风险评价；应急管理；信息融合；3S技术

英文摘要： Focusing on the weak links of basic study, controlling and emergency management in grassland fire disaster, taking Xilinguole league of Inner Mongolia,which is one of the most important cattle producing area in north China,as study area, this program constructs multi-factors risk assessment index system and compositive risk assessment modle of grassland fire disaster based on researching some basic problems,such as the formation mechanism of grassland fire disaster and rapid acquisition of fuel characteristics. In this study, objective risk assessment of grassland fire disaster is presented by using indoor and outdoor experiments, mathematical methods and 3S technology which are integrated in this program. Assistant decision system of grassland fire disaster emergency management is constructed through applying the result of the risk assessment of grassland fire disaster in the key problems of emergency management so as to realize the digitalization, automation and visualization of grassland fire disater risk assessment and early-warning.This study can make up for the deficiency of basic researches in grassland fire disaster risk assessment, and solve some key problems of grassland fire disaster emergency management.The results could be extended to other grasslands and promote the research process of grassland fire disaster risk assessment as well as the research on emergency management.The study can provide scientific basis and technical support on making countermeasures against grassland fire disaster daily managent,disaster emergency planning, and early-warning and response system for local and national government agencies of grassland fire disaster management.

英文关键词： grassland fire disaster; risk assessment;emergency management; information fusion; 3S technology