基于能量过程的坡沟系统侵蚀产沙过程调控与模拟

项目名称： 基于能量过程的坡沟系统侵蚀产沙过程调控与模拟

项目编号： No.41471226

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 地质学

项目作者： 李鹏

作者单位： 西安理工大学

项目金额： 90万元

中文摘要： 在干旱半干旱地区，如何利用有限植被实现坡沟系统侵蚀产沙的高效调控，一直是土壤侵蚀与水土保持研究的重点和难点。本研究通过物理模型实验、原位观测及数值模拟，结合稀土元素示踪与微地貌扫描技术，系统研究坡沟系统降雨-径流侵蚀能量动力过程的时空演变，分析植被格局对坡沟系统水蚀能量动力过程的调节作用与途径，辨识坡沟系统植被格局对侵蚀输沙过程及侵蚀方式演变的调控作用，确定坡面径流泥沙源-汇区的动态变化特征；比较不同植被格局下坡沟系统结构与功能连通度的变化及其对坡沟系统水沙变化响应，建立坡沟系统水沙-植被-地貌多过程响应关系，实现不同植被空间配置下的产流输沙过程模拟，提出以坡沟系统水沙调控为目标的植被优化格局，为黄土高原流域水沙调控和水土保持生态环境建设的可持续发展提供科学依据。

中文关键词： 坡沟系统；植被格局；连通度；泥沙来源；侵蚀能量过程

英文摘要： In arid and semiarid region, how to regulate soil erosion and sediment yield efficiently by the limited vegetation cover in the slope gully system aalways is the key problem in soil and water conservation field. In this research, based on model experiment, on site observation and numerical simulation, combined with Rare Earth Element (REE) tracing method and microtopography scanning techniques, rainfall-runoff energy dynamic process and its spatial-temporal development along the slope-gully system were studied. By analyzing the effect of vegetation cover and patterns on runoff energy process, regulatory effect of of vegetation patterns on sediment transportation process and soil erosion ways can be distinguished, and the changes of sediment sink-source area in the system can be determined. By comparing the changes of functional and structure connectivity during the soil erosion process, and the it's response to runoff and sediment in the slope gully system, coupling correspondence relationship among runoff and sediment, vegetation patterns and changes of micro-topography can be set up. Using distributed hydrological model, runoff and sediment yield process under the cover of vegetation patterns can be simulated. And based on that, optimized vegetation patterns for regulating runoff and sediment can be proposed, which will also provide scientific support for soil and water conservation and eco-environment construction on the Loess Plateau.

英文关键词： slope gully system;vegetation patterns;connectivity;sediment source;erosive energy process