水体中药物活性化合物的生物累积效应及生态风险

项目名称： 水体中药物活性化合物的生物累积效应及生态风险

项目编号： No.51279061

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 水利工程

项目作者： 陆光华

作者单位： 河海大学

项目金额： 82万元

中文摘要： 药物活性化合物(PhACs)在水环境中广泛存在，已经成为全球重要的新兴污染物。本项目采用野外试验和室内模拟试验相结合的方法，进行典型PhACs的生物累积效应及生态风险研究。调查分析PhACs在太湖水体及不同营养级水生生物体内的赋存状态和时空分布特征，阐明PhACs在自然水生食物链上的迁移规律；采用实验室构建的水生食物链系统，研究环境相关浓度PhACs的生物累积动力学特征，获得生物累积因子；从分子水平考察生物体内累积的PhACs可能产生的负面影响，揭示生物累积因子与综合生物响应之间的内在联系；识别PhACs生物累积的主要影响因素，揭示典型PhACs的代谢转化机制和毒性作用机制；基于环境相关浓度、生物累积效应和生物分子水平上的生理响应对水体中的PhACs进行生态风险评估。研究成果不仅可为水体新兴污染物的风险识别提供科学手段，也可为药物污染控制和地表水水质标准完善提供科学依据。

中文关键词： 药物活性化合物；水环境污染；生物累积；生态风险；生理响应

英文摘要： Pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) have been found in the water environment throughout the world and are important classes of emerging contaminants. The field tests and model experiments in laboratory were used to study the bioaccumulation effects of selected PhACs and the ecological risks. The project aimed to investigate the occurrences and temporal and spatial distribution of PhACs in waters and different trophic aquatic organisms in Taihu Lake and clarify the transport rules of PhACs in natural aquatic food chains; to study the transport and accumulation effects of environment-related concentration PhACs in the food chain constructed in laboratory, reveal bioaccumulation dynamic characteristics and obtain bioconcentration factors; to determine possible negative effects on molecular level resulted from the accumulated PhACs in the organisms and reveal the relationship between the bioconcentration factors and the integrated biological responses; to identify the main factors affecting the bioaccumulation of PhACs and reveal the mechanisms of metabolism transformation and toxicology of typical PhACs; to evaluate the potential risks of PhACs on water ecological system health based on the environment-related concentrations, the bioaccumulation effects and the physiological responses of aquatic organisms in

英文关键词： PhACs；Water Environmental pollution；Bioaccumulation；Ecological Risks；Physiological Responses