项目名称: 基于红外光声效应的土壤粘土矿物-多糖界面反应及界面反应层特征研究
项目编号: No.40871113
项目类型: 面上项目
立项/批准年度: 2009
项目学科: 金属学与金属工艺
项目作者: 杜昌文
作者单位: 中国科学院南京土壤研究所
项目金额: 49万元
中文摘要: 土壤粘土矿物-有机物复合体广泛地存在于土壤中,对土壤质量具有重大影响,土壤微生物分泌的多糖是该复合体形成的重要前体之一,对复合体的形成和转化具有促进作用,但具体作用机制尚不清楚。本研究以土壤粘土矿物(高岭石、蒙脱石、铁铝氧化物)和土壤微生物多糖(右旋糖苷、黄原糖和硬葡聚糖)为试验材料,在不同的反应条件下制备粘土矿物-多糖复合物;利用傅利叶转换红外光声光谱原位分析不同粘土矿物及其复合物的光谱特征,并原位监测粘土矿物-多糖复合体的界面反应(氢键或化学键的形成及其作用);在此基础上,利用红外光声光谱的逐层扫描功能并结合多元校正的数学模型(偏最小二乘法、人造神经网络等),研究粘土矿物-多糖复合物界面反应层的特征(持水性、养分吸附、结构属性、基团属性)及其影响因素,从而揭示土壤粘土矿物-多糖复合物的界面反应及界面反应层的理化性质,为研究土壤粘土矿物-有机物复合体的性质及其形成和转化提供理论依据。
中文关键词: 土壤粘土矿物-多糖复合物;红外光声光谱;界面反应;界面反应层;多元校正模型
英文摘要: Soil clay-polysaccharide complex is precursor in the formation of clay mineral-organic complex, and plays an important role in soil structural stability, water retention and nutrient availability. Infrared photoacoustic spectra can reflect sample's components and structural information. Comparing with traditional infrared spectroscopy it doesn't need sample pre-treatment and has function of in situ step-scanning, and thus is very suitable for structural characterization of soil clay-polysaccharide complexes featured with opaqueness, high adsorption and heterogeneity. Fourier transform infrared photoacoustic spectroscopy (FTIR-PAS) was applied to examine interface layer of soil clay minerals (kaolin and montmorillonite) and xanthan; specifically, the step-scan function of FTIR-PAS technique was initially applied to in situ explore the characteristics of surface layers and interaction occurred in the layers.Chemometrical methods (partial least squares regression, artificail neural networks) were used to quantitatively characterize the interface layers including aspects of water retention, nutrients absorption, structure, group), which provides mechanism of interaction between polyssacharides and soil minerals, and provides theoretical basis for the formation and transformation of soil organo-mineral complexes.
英文关键词: soil organo-minearl complexes;infrared photoacousitc spectroscopy;interface reaction;interface layer;muti-calibration models