基于磁悬浮飞轮转子转轴主动偏转的航天器高稳定度姿态控制方法

项目名称： 基于磁悬浮飞轮转子转轴主动偏转的航天器高稳定度姿态控制方法

项目编号： No.61603019

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2017

项目学科： 自动化技术、计算机技术

项目作者： 余远金

作者单位： 北京航空航天大学

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 采用现有的机械飞轮或磁悬浮飞轮的姿态控制回路，其响应速度慢、带宽较低，制约了航天器姿态稳定度的提高。利用转子转轴可主动偏转的特性，磁悬浮飞轮能够输出高精度、高带宽的力矩以用于抑制星上中频扰动，为提高航天器姿态的稳定度提供了一种新的途径，是磁悬浮飞轮技术的重要发展方向。本项目将在磁轴承-转子系统转子运动跟踪控制和基于磁悬浮飞轮的航天器姿态控制两个方面开展如下研究：（1）分析转子大范围运动时磁轴承产生的电磁力/力矩特性、干扰力/力矩来源及特性、电磁轴承的响应特性，建立磁轴承-转子系统的转子运动误差动力学模型；（2）研究基于反步控制的转轴偏转角快响应跟踪控制方法；（3）分析磁悬浮飞轮输出力矩特性、航天器姿态与飞轮转子运动的耦合特性；（4）研究基于磁悬浮飞轮转子转轴偏转与航天器姿态一体化控制的高稳定度姿态控制方法。本项目的研究将为提高姿态执行机构的带宽和航天器的姿态稳定度提供一种全新的技术手段。

中文关键词： 磁悬浮飞轮；磁轴承控制；姿态控制

英文摘要： Limited to the slow response and low bandwidth of the attitude control system with existing mechanical flywheel or magnetically suspended flywheel, the attitude stability of spacecraft is obstructed to be improved. Because of the characteristics that the flywheel rotor is actively controlled, the magnetically suspended flywheel (MSFW) is able to output high precision and high bandwidth torque. Using this torque to attenuate the medium-frequency disturbances of spacecraft, which provides a novel way to improve the attitude stability of spacecraft, is an important trend of MSFW technology. The project will be carried out on rotor tracking control of the magnetic-bearing & rotor system and MSFW based attitude control of spacecraft, which consists of the following contents: (1) Under the condition that the rotor moved in wide area, the characteristics of that electromagnetic force/torque of magnetic bearing, the force/torque disturbances and its source, and the response of magnetic bearing are analyzed. Then the tracking error dynamics of the magnetic-bearing & rotor system are modeled; (2) Based on back-stepping control, the fast response tracking control method of the deflected angle is studied; (3) The output torque characteristics of MSFW, and the characteristics of the coupling between spacecraft attitude and the flywheel rotor motion are analyzed；(4) High stability attitude control method based on integrated control of the MSFW deflection and the spacecraft attitude is studied. According to above contents of this project, a novel technical approach is provided for the improvement of attitude actuator bandwidth and spacecraft attitude stability.

英文关键词： magnetically suspended flywheel;magnetic bearing control;attitude control