高强度、自修复纳米结构胶体凝胶的研发和组织工程应用

项目名称： 高强度、自修复纳米结构胶体凝胶的研发和组织工程应用

项目编号： No.51503208

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 一般工业技术

项目作者： 王华楠

作者单位： 大连理工大学

项目金额： 22万元

中文摘要： 胶体凝胶是基于“自下而上”设计理念，以胶体颗粒为基本结构单元，通过颗粒间相互作用构建兼具可控微观组成和稳定宏观结构的新型水凝胶。借助可逆的颗粒间相互作用和柔性颗粒的高形变性，部分胶体凝胶表现出自修复能力，有望作为新型组织工程支架用于再生医学。然而，现有的胶体凝胶体系难以兼顾高机械强度和自修复能力，限制了该新型材料在生物医学领域的推广。为此，本项目创新性的提出以具有刚性核-柔性壳结构的带电纳米球为基本单元，通过静电自组装形成胶体凝胶。高强度的刚性核和高形变性、表面带电的柔性壳的有机结合，可促进胶体密堆积，增加体积分数，从而实现高强度、自修复凝胶的构建。拟以二氧化硅纳米颗粒为核，并作为制备明胶微球的成核点，控制壳层的生长，得到复合微球。拟考察凝胶的微观结构和宏观强度，阐明凝胶强度增加和自修复行为的机理，建立理论模型，为这类新型生物材料的设计开发奠定基础。

中文关键词： 胶体凝胶；自修复材料；纳米复合材料；可注射材料；干细胞分化

英文摘要： Colloidal gels are a novel class of hydrogels that allow for a facile “bottom-up” approach towards the design of biomaterials. Typically, colloidal gels are made of colloidal particles as building blocks for assembly into shape-specific and cohesive scaffolds of controllable micro-architecture and structural integrity. Due to the reversible interparticle attractions and the deformability of soft colloids, some colloidal gels have shown striking self-healing capability, which renders them with great potential to be used as tissue engineering scaffolds for regenerative medicine. However, current colloidal systems cannot achieve high mechanical strength in combination with self-healing capability, which limits their wide-spreading applications in biomedical fields. To address this issue, the current proposal hypothesize that by using hard core-soft shell structured, charged nanospheres as building blocks for electrostatic assembly of colloidal gels, a tough and self-healing particulate structure can be obtained. The mechanical strength of the hard core in combination with the deformability and surface charges of soft shell can result into close-packing and increasing volume fraction of the colloids, therefore leading to the formation of tough and self-healing gels. By using silica nanoparticles as the hard core, which can act as nucleation point for phase separation of gelatin nanospheres, core-shell particles can be synthesized for colloidal gels preparation. Moreover, the micro-architecture and mechanical properties of the colloidal gels will be characterized, and the interactions between them will be analyzed, which will provide proof for our hypothesis. Furthermore, by investigating the mechanisms of structure reinforcement and self-healing behavior of the colloidal gels, theoretical models can be established, which can be used for the design of similar biomaterials systems.

英文关键词： Colloidal gels;Self-healing materials;Nanocomposite materials;Injectable materials;Stem cells differentiation