天基监测空间目标被动跟踪定轨技术研究

项目名称： 天基监测空间目标被动跟踪定轨技术研究

项目编号： No.61473153

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 自动化技术、计算机技术

项目作者： 吴盘龙

作者单位： 南京理工大学

项目金额： 83万元

中文摘要： 空间目标监测是空间态势感知、航天器碰撞预警的基础，天基空间目标监测是未来空间技术的重要发展方向。本项目以自主定轨天基平台被动跟踪空间目标为科学问题，首先对基于角度量测的空间目标被动跟踪系统的可观测性进行分析，分别给出直接基于角度量测和量测误差下的空间目标可观测性分析新方法；其次，通过基于多敏感器的天基平台自主定轨信息融合方法进行研究，设计具有故障检测和隔离能力的天基平台自主定轨动静态联邦滤波器；再次，通过建立量测数据部分丢失下空间目标被动跟踪模型，结合稀疏网格积分滤波、抗差估计和粒子滤波的优点，提出不完全测量下自适应跟踪定轨滤波算法。最后，研制空间目标跟踪定轨地面半物理仿真实验系统，验证方法的有效性和可行性。通过本项目的研究，期望为复杂空间环境下天基目标监视技术提供新的思路和技术途径。

中文关键词： 信息融合；非线性滤波；可观测性分析；轨道确定；目标跟踪

英文摘要： Space target surveillance is the basis of space situational awareness, spacecraft collision warning. Space-based space target surveillance is an important developing direction of the future space technology.The space target tracking using angle measurements based on autonomous orbit determination is treated as a scientific problem in this project. Firstly, the new observability analysis methods of space target tracking based on using angle measurement directly and noisy measurement error are presented separately. Secondly, through analyzing the autonomous orbit determination information fusion method using multiple sensors based on space-based platform, a new distributed kinematic and static federated filter is designed to realize the autonomous orbit determination of space-based platform, which has the ability of fault detection and isolation. Once again, the space target passive tracking model is established using intermittent measurement. The sparse grid quadrature filter, robust estimation and particle filter are incorporated to design a new adaptive tracking algorithm using intermittent measurement. Finally, the ground hardware-in-loop simulation system of space target tracking and orbit determination is designed, and the feasibility and effectiveness of the algorithms presented in this project are validated. We want to provide ideas and new technical methods for space-based target surveillance under the complicated space environment through this project.

英文关键词： Information fusion;Nonlinear filter;Observability analysis;Orbit determination;Target tracking