西南地区青杨派不同种古杨树对干旱胁迫的生理及分子响应机制研究

项目名称： 西南地区青杨派不同种古杨树对干旱胁迫的生理及分子响应机制研究

项目编号： No.31460181

项目类型： 地区科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 陆燕元

作者单位： 西南林业大学

项目金额： 50万元

中文摘要： 云南省地处云贵高原主体，受西南季风影响，加之地理位置和地形的作用，干湿季节分明，季节性干旱问题十分突出，而且近年来云南持续遭受严重旱灾，整个生态环境受到重创。由于气候地形、经济及文化等原因，西南地区蕴藏着丰富的古杨树资源。这些珍稀古树是在多个生态环境因子和人为因子的长期综合作用下生存下来的，适应所处地区的气候、土壤等环境条件，抗逆的能力较强，是最地道的乡土树种，在绿化造林上的潜在推广利用价值十分巨大。我们从干热河谷型、温湿型及寒湿型等3种地理类型杨树中分别选取青杨派5种具有代表性的古杨树，研究它们在干旱胁迫下生理差异响应，揭示其对环境胁迫的适应机理；用分子生物学手段，探讨古杨树抗逆相关基因在干旱胁迫下的表达水平，从分子水平阐述古杨树抗逆的遗传基础，尤其是和抗逆相关基因在古杨树抗旱中的调节机制，为该地区生态环境建设中抗旱性较强树种的筛选提供依据，也对乡土古杨树资源的利用及开发产生深远的影响。

中文关键词： 西南地区古杨树；干旱胁迫；生理生态；抗逆基因

英文摘要： Yunnan is located in Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, coupled with the role of geography, topography and southwest monsoon, showing distinct wet and dry seasons. Therefore, seasonal drought problem is very prominent. Moreover, in recent years, Yunnan continued to suffer from crippling drought, the agricultural production and the whole ecological environment has been damaged dramatically. Due to climate topography, history, economic and cultural reasons, a number of counties in southwest intrinsic contain abundance ancient poplar resources. These rare old trees have survived in the combined effects of multiple environmental and human factors, undergoing a few centuries or even millennia of the natural environment, which has been adapted to the region's climate, soil and other environmental conditions, exhibit higher resistance to adverse environmental, is the most authentic native species. Therefore, they are valuable for afforestation. From three kinds of geographical types, including dry-hot valley type, warm and humid type, cold and wet type, we will select five typical old poplars species respectively, which DBH> 1m, 300-500 yr old, to study the physiological responses under drought stress, reveal its mechanism of adaptation to environmental stress. Furthermore, the project will describe the genetic basis of old poplar resilience drought stress from the molecular level through explorimg the expression level of abiotic stress-related genes in old poplar under drought stress. The results not only provide the basis for screening drought resistance species in the regional ecological environment construction, but also could have profound effects on exploitation and utilization of local old poplar resource .

英文关键词： old populus from southwest;drought stress;physiological ecology;stress-related genes