生物质炭对稻田土壤镉铅污染的长期效应及稳定机制

项目名称： 生物质炭对稻田土壤镉铅污染的长期效应及稳定机制

项目编号： No.41501339

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 地质学

项目作者： 崔立强

作者单位： 盐城工学院

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 农田土壤重金属(Cd/Pb等)污染日益引起人们关注，生物质炭具有微孔、多种官能团等结构特点，对污染土壤有修复功能，在降低污染土壤重金属的生物有效性、减少作物吸收并其缓解生态风险方面有重要作用，是当前环境科学领域研究的前沿热点，但原位修复污染稻田土壤的长期效应机理尚不明确。本项目以生物质炭修复稻田土壤Cd/Pb污染作为研究对象，利用红外光谱、同步辐射及原位道南膜等技术，研究土壤Cd/Pb在生物质炭作用下长期(6-8年)和短期(1-3年)固持钝化并降低作物吸收的物理化学与微生物过程，分析Cd/Pb的吸附、形态转化、迁移的主控因素及关键因子，明确土壤、微生物与生物质炭在钝化固持Cd/Pb过程中的作用及在分子水平上的耦合关系，阐明生物质炭稳定土壤重金属Cd/Pb的长期效应及机制，为进一步认识生物质炭修复Cd/Pb污染在自然环境中的环境化学行提供理论基础及科学依据。

中文关键词： 生物质炭；镉铅污染；水稻土；污染修复；长期效应

英文摘要： Paddy soil heavy metals (Cd/Pb et al.) pollution is paid more attention. Biochar could amend soil pollution with micropore, various functional groups structure characteristics. It is hotpot to decrease the soil heavy metal bio-activity for plant uptake, alleviate the ecological risk with application biochar in environment domain, but the long-term behaviors of biochar on heavy metals are still unclear in paddy soil with insitu amendment. This project object is biochar amendment the paddy soil Cd and Pb pollution with FTIR technique, synchrotron-based and filed-DMT. This research will investigate long-term (6-8 year) and short-term (1-3 year) Cd and Pb passivation and uptake and microbial process with biochar application, analysis key factors on Cd and Pb form transformation/adsorption, clarify the effects and coupling relationship of biochar, soil and microbial community on long-term holding Cd and Pb. The research should shed light on the molecular-level mechanisms on biochar passivation Cd and Pb and provide theoretical foundation and scientific basis on chemical behavior of Cd and Pb pollution in nature environmental with biochar application.

英文关键词： biochar;cadmium and lead contamination;paddy soil;remediation; long-term effects