云南野生食用牛肝菌对重金属镉、铅、汞的生物富集作用及其机理研究

项目名称： 云南野生食用牛肝菌对重金属镉、铅、汞的生物富集作用及其机理研究

项目编号： No.21267013

项目类型： 地区科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 环境科学、安全科学

项目作者： 孙丽平

作者单位： 昆明理工大学

项目金额： 50万元

中文摘要： 野生食用牛肝菌是云南大宗出口农产品，2010年出口产值339万美元，但是在贸易中存在重金属镉、铅、汞超标问题。云南矿藏丰富，环境中重金属基底浓度较高，影响了牛肝菌中重金属含量。本课题以云南野生食用牛肝菌为对象，研究其对重金属镉、铅、汞的生物富集作用及机理，包括：（1）测定各地采集的野生食用牛肝菌样品中镉、铅、汞的含量，评价其食品安全性；（2）对应采集牛肝菌样品的生长基质，测定基质中镉、铅、汞含量，以BCF值为指标分析牛肝菌样品对三种元素的生物富集作用，阐明该作用与环境污染的相关性；（3）筛选具有高富集能力的牛肝菌品种，进行实验室可控条件下的菌丝体培养，从生物吸附机制、在菌体内的赋存形态、菌体的解毒功能和抗性体系四个方面研究其对三种重金属元素的生物富集机理。该研究为云南野生食用牛肝菌食品安全与质量控制提供科学依据；同时，为探索高富集能力菌种作为生物治污剂提供一定的理论基础。

中文关键词： 云南省；牛肝菌；重金属；生物富集系数；环境污染

英文摘要： Yunnan province is of the highest edible mushroom resources in China. Wild edible boletes is a kind of agricultural and forestry products with high yield for export in Yunnan, and amounted to 339 millions of US dollars was exported in 2010. Many wild edible mushroom species are known to accumulate high levels of cadmium, lead, and mercury. Some countries have established statutory limits for the detrimental metals in edible mushrooms. The levels of cadmium, lead, and mercury in some wild edible Boletus species from Yunnan were beyond the statuory limits, and the levels were related with substrate contamination. This project will collect the wild edible boletes samples from Yunnan, determine the levels of cadmium, lead, and mercury in the samples, and investigae the bioconcentration factors of each metal by the samples and the bioconcentration mechnisams. This project focus on three objectives: (1) to collect the fresh wild edible boletes samples from fields in Yunnan province, determine the levels of cadmium, lead, and mercury in the samples, and carry out the health risk assessments; (2) simultaneously with the mushrooms, to collect the soil samples at appropriate sampling place, determine the levels of cadmium, lead, and mercury in the soil samples, caculate the bioconcentration factor (BCF) of each metals, a

英文关键词： Yunnan province；Boletaceae mushrooms；heavy metal；bioconcentration factor；environmental pollution