纳米金基贵金属电催化晶体材料的调控机制及自组装研究

项目名称： 纳米金基贵金属电催化晶体材料的调控机制及自组装研究

项目编号： No.21503121

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 分析化学

项目作者： 李厚深

作者单位： 山东农业大学

项目金额： 21万元

中文摘要： 为了解决日益严重的能源危机和环境问题，基于无污染和高效的燃料电池的研究和应用被广泛关注。其中，贵金属铂、钯及其复合材料是目前低温燃料电池中常用的阳极和阴极的电催化剂。本项目拟采用液相法，调控纳米晶体的成核和生长速率、反应热力学和反应动力学等因素，深入了解其调控机制，实现组成、尺寸和形貌可控的纳米金（Au）基贵金属（Pt、Pd）电催化晶体材料的制备。揭示其元素组成与分布、表面原子排列、电子能级结构和晶面指数与电催化性能的关系，实现以金为载体的铂、钯纳米晶催化剂的催化活性、催化活性表面积、稳定性和抗中毒能力的显著提高。深入了解其自组装影响因素和规律，探索二维纳米薄膜和三维超晶体材料的组装，在克服纳米晶间团聚造成的催化稳定性下降的同时，可以实现其有别于独立的纳米晶催化性能的块体电催化晶体材料的制备，并阐明其组装结构与电催化性能间的构效关系。为此类催化剂的应用和纳米电催化器件的制备提供基础参考。

中文关键词： 纳米晶；金基；电催化；自组装

英文摘要： In order to solve the increasingly serious energy crisis and environmental pollution problems, the research and application of fuel cells with non-pollution and high efficient has been attracted broad attention. Noble metals, platinum, palladium and their composites, are commonly used as the anode and cathode electro-catalyst in low temperature fuel cells. In this project, electro-catalyst of Au-based noble metals nanocrystals with controllable size, composition and shape will be planned to synthesize easily by liquid phase method. Systematic study into the regulatory mechanism will be designed，including the rate of nucleation and growth of nanocrystals and action reaction thermodynamics and kinetics. Gold as a carrier can not only reduce the consumption amount of platinum, palladium but also promote poisoning resistance of nanocrystals catalyst. Moreover, the investigation about the relationship between composition and distribution of the surface element, arrangement of the surface atoms and crystal face of high are also scheduled, which should be increase the electrochemical active and electrochemical active surface area (ECSA). Furthermore, we will explore the influence factors and rules for self-assembly of Au-based noble metals nanocrystals and preparation of the two-dimensional thin nanofilm and three-dimensional super crystal material, which will be promote the stability of electrocatalyst and achieve the synthesis of block electrochemical crystal materials. As well，the research could clarify the relation between electro-catalytic performances and the structure of crystal materials after assembling. We hope that the results will be offered to explore electro-catalyst of Au-based noble metal nanocrystals and a contribution would be made to the development of electro-catalysis nano-techniques after the project proceeding.

英文关键词： Nanocrystals;Au-based;electrocatalysis;self-assembly