高钙废水厌氧处理系统中碳酸钙沉淀的微生物调节机制研究

项目名称： 高钙废水厌氧处理系统中碳酸钙沉淀的微生物调节机制研究

项目编号： No.51308453

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 建筑科学

项目作者： 杨树成

作者单位： 西安交通大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 反应器中碳酸钙的沉淀引起的传质效率降低、污泥恶化是高钙废水厌氧处理面临的最大难题。目前对该问题的研究主要停留在通过反应器运行效果和污泥品质变化判断碳酸钙沉淀影响程度的层面。考虑到杂质离子对碳酸钙沉淀影响的研究已经较为成熟，本项目借鉴生物矿物学等领域的研究方法，着重于厌氧系统碳酸钙沉淀中微生物调节机制的研究。首先采用微电极分析和同位素示踪等手段，在空间尺度上从生物聚集体水平到细胞水平，深入研究厌氧颗粒污泥微环境、EPS和产甲烷菌对碳酸钙沉淀的影响，并通过综合分析初步探明厌氧系统碳酸钙沉淀的微生物调节机制。然后从时间尺度上，研究反应器长期运行时碳酸钙在污泥中的积累位置，并与颗粒污泥微环境、EPS和产甲烷菌等对碳酸钙沉淀的短期影响效应相联系，进一步论证碳酸钙沉淀中微生物的调节机制。本研究有助于提升对厌氧系统中碳酸钙沉淀的认识水平，并为高钙废水处理中缓减甚至避免碳酸钙的沉淀提供理论依据。

中文关键词： 废水厌氧处理；碳酸钙沉淀；微生物调节；微环境；微电极

英文摘要： The biggest challenges for anaerobic treatment of wastewaters with high concentration of calcium are the decrease of mass transfer efficiency and sludge deterioration caused by the precipitation of calcium carbonate in the reactors. At present, the main method to investigate this problem is to study the influence of the precipitation of calcium carbonate on the performance of the reactors and the change of sludge quality. Considering that the impact of impurity ions on the precipitation of calcium carbonate has been extensively studied and many widely acceptted conclusions have obtained, this proposal mainly focuses on microbially mediated calcium carbonate precipitation in anaerobic treatment of wastewater with high concentration of calcium. Firstly, microelectrode and isotope tracer analysis will be used to investigate the effect of anaerobic granular sludge micro-environment, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and methanogens on the precipitation of calcium carbonate. On the basis of the results from microelectrode and isotope tracer analysis, the mechanism of microbially mediated calcium carbonate precipitation can be preliminarily explored. Then the location of calcium carbonate precipitated within anaerobic granular sludge will be study through operation of several UASB reactors fed with different su

英文关键词： anaerobic wastewater treatment；calcium carbonate precipitation；microbially mediation；microenvironment；microelectrodes