斯特林发动机积碳机理及与振荡流动相互影响机制

项目名称： 斯特林发动机积碳机理及与振荡流动相互影响机制

项目编号： No.51476140

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 能源与动力工程

项目作者： 肖刚

作者单位： 浙江大学

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 太阳能碟式热发电系统的关键在于斯特林发动机。振荡流动贯穿吸热、回热、放热和推动活塞做功整个过程，是斯特林循环的核心。斯特林发动机积碳会增大振荡流动阻力，降低回热效率和换热能力，致使输出功率大幅下降，甚至引发加热器爆管，危害运行安全。本申请针对斯特林发动机的积碳机理及与振荡流动之间的相互影响开展研究。探讨惰性和氢气气氛下润滑油的热转化途径与反应动力学，考察固相产物的粒径分布、物理形貌和化学特性，阐明斯特林循环气氛中润滑油的热转化过程与机理。分析挥发与热转化产物在振荡流动中的迁移和累积过程，探讨挥发性产物的二次转化特性，揭示振荡流动中回热器和加热管上固相产物的粘结和积碳规律。研究积碳对振荡流动阻力和换热系数的影响，建立数值模型，探讨积碳部位与累积量同振荡流动阻力、加热器换热系数、回热效率之间的依变规律，获得定量分析关联式，为斯特林发动机的运行与维护提供理论指导。

中文关键词： 太阳能热发电；斯特林发动机；积碳；振荡流动；相互影响

英文摘要： Stirling engines are very important for solar dish power systems. Oscillating flows are the core of Stirling cycles, which link the processes of heat absorbing, regenerating, releasing and driving pistons. Carbon deposition in Stirling engines would cause an sharp increase of flow resistance and a great drop of heat-exchange efficiency, and the output power would decrease, or even, the heating tube would be blasted, which is very dangerous. This proposal is to study the processes of thermal cracking of lubricating oil, migration of volatilized products and carbon deposition, and to study the effects of carbon deposition on heat transfer of oscillating flows. Cracking pathways and reaction kinetics will be investigated when lubricating oil is thermally cracked in inert gas and hydrogen atmospheres. Size distributions, physical and chemical properties will be also studied for solid products. It tries to reveal the mechanism of thermal conversion of lubricating oil in Stirling engines. The migrating and accumulating process of volatilized products will be researched, and the mechanism of secondary cracking will also be discussed. Thus, the patterns of cohering and carbon deposition will be summarized. Effects of carbon deposition will be investigated on flow resistance and heat transfer coefficient, and a numerical model will be set up for analysis. The relationships will be discussed between location and amount of carbon deposition and flow resistance, heat transfer coefficient and regenerator's efficiency. A quantitative correlation will be proposed based on the above study, which is expected to provide theoretical guides for design, operation and maintenance of Stirling engines.

英文关键词： concentrating solar power;Stirling engine;carbon deposition;oscillating flow;interaction