工业革命以来镉污染在海螺沟冰川退缩区的生物地球化学记录

项目名称： 工业革命以来镉污染在海螺沟冰川退缩区的生物地球化学记录

项目编号： No.41471416

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 地质学

项目作者： 罗辑

作者单位： 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所

项目金额： 90万元

中文摘要： 工业革命以来，镉在环境中的积累已严重威胁着人类健康和生态系统安全，准确测定污染现状、重建其历史记录是认识镉污染的基础。贡嘎山海螺沟冰川自小冰期以来不断退缩，在退缩区形成了由裸地到顶级群落的连续完整的植被原生演替序列。本项目依托贡嘎山高山生态系统观测试验站，利用国家自然科学基金项目（49471019，40871042）和其它相关项目的成果，在预实验的基础上，以海螺沟冰川退缩区为实验地，运用生物地球化学循环理论，建立镉的生物地球化学循环分室模型。通过受控试验、集水区等方法获得相关参数，调试和检验模型，用泥石流迹地演替序列验证模型。探索海螺沟冰川退缩区植被演替序列镉的生物地球化学循环过程，进而计算镉污染的年代变化，重建工业革命以来镉污染的生物地球化学记录。为揭示镉在陆生生态系统中的生物地球化学循环规律提供参考，为科学评价工业革命以来我国西部高山区镉污染服务。

中文关键词： 重金属；环境污染；监测；陆生植物；生物地球化学循环

英文摘要： Since the Industrial Revolution, the accumulation of cadmium in environment has seriously threaten human health and the safety of ecosystem. Accurately determing its pollution status and rebuilding its history are the basis of understanding of cadmium pollution. The Hailuogou glacier in Mt. Gongga has markedly retreated since the Little Ice Age. On the Hailuogou glacier forefront, continuous and complete vegetation primary succession sequence developed from bare land to climax community. Based on the Gongga Mountain Ecosystem Observation and Experiment Station, the National Science Foundation of China (49471019,40871042) and other results of relative project and preliminary experiments, this project is aimed at establishing compartment model of the biogeochemical cycling of cadmium on the Hailuogou glacier forefront using biogeochemical cycle theory. We use related parameters extracted from controlled experiments and investigation of catchment areas to debug and test this model, and then use succession sequence of debris flow mark place to validate this model.In this project, we try to explore the biogeochemical cycle process of cadmium in vegetation primary succession on Hailuogou glacier forefront, as well as temporal change in the cadmium pollution ,and reconstruct biogeochemical record of cadmium pollution. Our research will provide useful information to evaluate the biogeochemical cycle pattern of cadmium in terrestrial ecosystem, and the cadmium pollution in high mountains of western China since the Industrial Revolution.

英文关键词： heavy metals;environmental pollution;monitoring;terrestrial plants;biogeochemical cycle