农业流域降雨径流过程典型除草剂及其转化产物迁移特征与机理研究:以白马河流域为例

项目名称： 农业流域降雨径流过程典型除草剂及其转化产物迁移特征与机理研究:以白马河流域为例

项目编号： No.41471389

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 地质学

项目作者： 孙小银

作者单位： 曲阜师范大学

项目金额： 87万元

中文摘要： 农田施用的农药及其转化产物大多随降雨径流、壤中流等形式进入水体，对水环境造成潜在威胁。相对于亲体化合物，农药转化产物更具移动性和持久性，对水体同样具有环境风险,越来越多的水环境农药监测范围开始扩展至转化产物。本研究拟以典型除草剂阿特拉津、乙草胺和各自主要转化产物为目标污染物，以典型农业流域南四湖入湖子流域白马河流域为研究区，开展农田径流小区、大区、集水区和流域尺度的降雨径流流失研究。通过对径流区、集水区出口地表径流和浅层地下水连续监测和采样分析，结合流域尺度地表径流全年监测分析，揭示多尺度下目标污染物迁移的路径、机理、通量及时空变化特征，分析地形、气候和土壤性质对流失过程的影响；结合流域气候地形等环境空间数据、属性数据与实验数据，运用SWAT模型模拟流域目标污染物流失的时空变化，并采用流域污染监测数据验证模拟的准确性。多尺度农药流失分析与水文模型模拟相结合，为流域农药污染治理提供科学依据。

中文关键词： 农药；流域；非点源污染；多尺度；迁移模型

英文摘要： Most of herbicides and their transformation products (TPs) in field are transported into water bodies through overland flow ,subsurface flow and so on,which can lead to contamination of aquatic environment.TPs are more mobile and persistent than their parent compounds,which also have risk to environment.Now more and more detection lists of pesticides to water bodies are expanded to their TPs.The project is to research on transportation of atrazine,acetochlor and their main TPs in Baimahe catchment.The object of the research is to improve the understanding to characteristics and mechanism of herbicide transport at field and catchment scales.Runoff plot experiments are adopted in middle ,large scales field and watershed scale.Observation,sampling and monitoring are completed by automatic instruments continuously.The approach we chose are a combination of field experiment,catchment monitoring and modeling simulation, the impact factor of topography, climate and soil to herbicide loss will be analyzed through above methods.Dynamics of herbicides and TPs loss into surface water is modeled by SWAT model.And monitoring data are performed to validate the spatial model predictions.The experiment and simulation results on transpotation of herbicides and their TPs in multi-scales can provide scientific proof to pesticide management and pollution control in Baimahe catchment.

英文关键词： Pesticide;Watershed;Nonpoint source pollution;Multi-scale;Transpot model