项目名称: 内爆炸作用下大跨空间钢结构失效机理与防爆方法研究
项目编号: No.51278208
项目类型: 面上项目
立项/批准年度: 2013
项目学科: 建筑科学
项目作者: 高轩能
作者单位: 华侨大学
项目金额: 80万元
中文摘要: 大跨空间钢结构广泛应用于人员活动密集的大型公共建筑,一旦遭遇内爆炸袭击,极易造成重大人员伤亡、财产损失和恶劣社会影响,但相关研究薄弱。本项目采用数值模拟和模型试验相结合的方法,对内爆炸作用下大跨空间钢结构的动力响应、破坏模式、失效机理和防爆方法进行研究。首先,基于ALE有限元,对大跨空间钢结构内爆炸冲击波的传播规律进行数值实验,推演冲击波超压与炸药TNT当量和爆炸点距离之间的数学表达。其次,对爆炸冲击波超压进行本征正交分解法(POD法)分解和重构,使时空不同步的海量冲击波超压频谱转换成有限数量的表征值,获得冲击波压力场在结构表面上的分布,使爆炸冲击波作用数量化并进行试验验证。然后,考虑结构几何及刚度、非结构破坏和泄爆影响并结合试验结果,对大跨空间钢结构在内爆炸冲击波超压作用下的动力响应机制、失效模式和机理进行数值仿真和分析。在此基础上,提出大跨空间钢结构的防爆和泄爆方法及正确使用指引。
中文关键词: 内爆炸;大跨空间钢结构;爆炸试验;失效机理;冲击波超压
英文摘要: Long-span spatial steel structures are widely used in staff-intensive large-scale public buildings, and it could easily result in heavy casualties, property losses and severe social impacts once the buildings suffer the internal bomb attack. Yet, the related researches are weak. In this project, studies on the dynamic responses, failure patterns and mechanisms of the long-span spatial steel structure under internal blast loading and explosion-proof method will be conducted using numerical simulation combined with model experiments. Firstly, the numerical experiments on propagation law of internal blast shockwave inside the long-span spatial steel structures are carried out based on the ALE finite element. And the practical mathematical expressions of shockwave overpressure with explosives TNT equivalent and explosion distance are deduced. Secondly, the Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) method is used to decompose and reconstitute the blast shockwave overpressure. The mass shockwave overpressure spectrums with spatiotemporal asynchrony of waveforms are converted into a limited number of characterization values, and the blast pressure distributions on the large-space structure surface are solved. Then the blast shockwave loading could be quantified and the explosion tests are conducted to verify the results. A
英文关键词: internal explosion;long-span spatial steel structure;explosion test;failure mechanism;shockwave overpressure