制备空间尺度/化学组成梯度复合功能材料的辐射接枝新方法研究

项目名称： 制备空间尺度/化学组成梯度复合功能材料的辐射接枝新方法研究

项目编号： No.11475246

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 虞鸣

作者单位： 中国科学院上海应用物理研究所

项目金额： 90万元

中文摘要： 如何将纳米粒子固定在宏观材料上，避免其在使用过程中流失，是纳米材料实际应用的技术瓶颈。将纳米粒子以物理或化学方法直接在宏观材料上固定,存在结合力不强、降低纳米粒子性能等缺点。本项目提出利用辐射接枝法制备梯度复合功能材料的概念，即采用一种粒径在微米级、内部又充满纳米孔的金属有机框架化合物（MOFs）材料作为宏观材料和纳米粒子的中介，先在MOFs的纳米孔中原位生成无机纳米粒子，再利用辐射接枝法将MOFs/无机纳米粒子复合材料用共价键牢固结合到宏观尺度的高分子基底上，制备出高分子基材/MOFs/无机纳米粒子的复合材料。这种材料在空间尺度上是宏观-微米-纳米的梯度复合，在化学组成上是有机-有机无机杂化-无机材料的梯度复合，兼具三者的优点。通过本项目对梯度功能复合材料的合成路线和反应规律的系统研究，发展将纳米粒子牢固结合在高分子材料上的辐射接枝新方法，为实现纳米材料的广泛应用提供一种通用的技术平台。

中文关键词： 辐射接枝；纳米复合材料；梯度功能材料；金属有机框架化合物；表面改性

英文摘要： The immobilization of nanoparticles to the substrate materials is the bottle-neck for the applications of nanoparticles. There are several methods for the direct immobilization of nanoparticles to the substrate materials. However, the weak adherence and the affect on the properties of the nanoparticles limits these methods for applications. In this project, a novel kind of functional material containing gradient size and chemical composition is prepared by irradiation induced grafting method. Metal-Organic-Frameworks (MOFs) which is in size of micrometer level while contains nanopores is used as mediate between the polymer substrates and inorganic nanoparticles. The synthetic route is: firstly, the MOFs containing carbon-carbon double bonds in the surface are prepared; secondly, inorganic nanoparticles are in-situ synthesized by the hydrolyzation of the precusor in the nanopores of the MOFs;thirdly, the composites of TiO2@MOFs are immobilizated onto the surface of polymer substrates by irradiation induced grafting. The gradient functional material is composed by the organic polymer substrates in macroscopic scale, the organic-inorganic hybrid MOFs in micrometer scale and the inorganic nanoparticles in nanometer scale, which cause the gradient functional material has all the advantages of the three kinds of materials. This project will afford a novel avenue to the immobilization of nanoparticles to the substrates which is promising for various applications.

英文关键词： Irradiation-induced-grafting;Nano-Composites;Gradient Functional Materials;Metal-Organic-Frameworks;Surface Modification