水体重金属在螯合秸秆纤维超微结构中的吸附机制研究

项目名称： 水体重金属在螯合秸秆纤维超微结构中的吸附机制研究

项目编号： No.51508206

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 其他

项目作者： 郑刘春

作者单位： 华南师范大学

项目金额： 22万元

中文摘要： 偕胺肟基螯合秸秆纤维在水体重金属污染事故中具有很好的应用前景，其高效吸附性能与纤维的超微结构特征密切相关。为了揭示这两者之间的联系，本项目在接枝化玉米秸秆纤维的基础上，进行偕胺肟化螯合改性成为吸附材料；一方面，分析材料吸附过程中的吸附驱动力、吸附作用模型和动力学特性，并利用SEM、FT-IR、XRD和13C-NMR初步表征材料形貌性能；另一方面，采用先进的STM、FTIR-MSP和显微拉曼光谱表征技术，重点研究材料的超微结构变化、结构中的基团组成、分布和变化，以及骨架和侧链受影响的情况。结合两方面的研究，阐述吸附材料超微结构在吸附过程中的性能变化，解译结构特性与吸附行为之间的内在联系。以期能深入地阐明吸附材料与重金属镉离子之间的吸附机理，来深化人们对秸秆材料去除水中重金属污染物原理的认识，并为构建更高效的水体重金属污染事故处理技术提供理论支撑。

中文关键词： 超微结构；秸秆纤维；偕胺肟基团；吸附机理；镉离子

英文摘要： Chelate straw fiber with amidoxime groups has a good application prospect in the heavy metal pollution from aqueous solution, and its efficient adsorption properties are closely related to characteristics of the fiber ultrastructure. In order to reveal their relationship, grafted corn straw fiber will be firstly modified into the chelated material using the amidoxime methods. And then the driving factors of adsorption-process, adsorption-model and dynamic characteristics will be analyzed, while SEM, FT-IR, XRD and 13C-NMR will be used to characterize the material properties; Further, the advanced techniques, such as STM, FTIR-MSP and the Raman scattering spectra, will be used to study the ultrastructural changes, composition, distribution and changes of groups, as well as the affected backbone and side chain. Finally, both changes of ultrastructure in adsorption process, and the inner relation between the structure characteristics and adsorption behavior would be clarified in details. Therefore, the adsorption mechanism between materials and cadmium ions would be explained better, to deep the understanding of people about the principle of the removal of heavy metal pollutants onto straw material. Meanwhile, the theoretical support for water heavy metal pollution treatment technology would be provided more efficiently.

英文关键词： Ultrastructure;Stalk cellulose ;Amidoxime group;Adsorption mechanism;Cadmium ions