轻度污染土壤中镍的生物可利用性及其刺激蚯蚓生殖的Hormesis效应研究

项目名称： 轻度污染土壤中镍的生物可利用性及其刺激蚯蚓生殖的Hormesis效应研究

项目编号： No.41271492

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 颜增光

作者单位： 中国环境科学研究院

项目金额： 70万元

中文摘要： 土壤污染物"环境存在≠生物可利用≠毒性效应"。虽然重金属轻度污染的生态系统效应日益受到重视，但有关土壤污染物在低浓度下的生物有效性及其对土壤动物的生态毒理效应还知之甚少，研究低污染水平下土壤动物对重金属的暴露、吸收、聚积和生理反应，对阐明污染物低剂量长期暴露的过程、机理及其生态学效应具有重要的意义。本项目拟通过开展蚯蚓封口暴露试验、肠道吸收模拟试验和污染物机体残留组织特异性检测试验，研究和阐明低浓度镍（Ni）通过蚯蚓皮肤和肠道系统发生穿透、吸收、转运、分配和蓄积的过程与机理，建立可预测土壤中Ni的生物有效性/生物可利用性的机理模型。同时，通过开展蚯蚓生殖生理试验和关联基因的表达反应实验，研究低剂量外源Ni刺激蚯蚓生殖的Hormesis效应及蚯蚓在精子形成、卵子发生等生殖功能上的反应，并通过蚯蚓产卵激素基因和金属硫蛋白家族基因的表达反应研究，阐明低剂量Ni暴露诱发蚯蚓产生兴奋效应的分子机制。

中文关键词： 镍；污染土壤；蚯蚓；生物可利用性；毒物兴奋效应

英文摘要： Although a range of levels of soil metals can often be detected by chemical analysis, the total concentrations of these toxic substances may not necessarily be related to the amount of bioavailability and, therefore, the toxicity. Contamination of soils with low-levels of metals is raising increasing concerns recently, but little is known about the bioavailability and ecotoxicity of metals to soil fauna in low-level contaminated soils. Therefore, the evaluation of the exposure, uptake, accumulation and responses of soil invertebrates to low levels of metals in soils may give insights into the processes, mechanisms and effects of long-term exposure of metals. In this project, the oral sealing exposure assessment, gastrointestinal uptake investigation and the body residue analysis of nickel in the earthworm Eisenia fetida are to be carried out to investigate the processes and mechanisms of the ingestion, absorption, transformation, distribution and sequestration of metals in earthworms. A mechanistic model for the prediction of the bioavailability and bioaccessibility of nickel in low-level contaminated soils will be developed. In addition, the hormetic effects of low levels of nickel on the reproduction of earthworms, as well as the responses of the earthworms in reproductive physiology and function such as the p

英文关键词： Nickel；Contaminated soils；Earthworms；Bioaccessibility；Hormesis