退相干环境下量子关联动力学性质的理论研究

项目名称： 退相干环境下量子关联动力学性质的理论研究

项目编号： No.11305114

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 郭金良

作者单位： 天津师范大学

项目金额： 22万元

中文摘要： 量子失协作为一种非纠缠的量子关联，在演化过程中展现出了比纠缠更大的优势，为量子信息学的发展带来了新的视角。但是量子失协的定义中含有复杂的优化过程，且仅局限于两体量子关联的研究。据此结合纠缠和量子失协，应用其他量子关联度量如几何测量的量子失协、测量扰动、测量诱导非局域性及整体量子失协，研究两体和多体系统的量子关联及其演化特性对实现高效的量子信息处理过程有重要意义。我们的研究内容主要有（1）研究计算量子关联的简单手段或近似方法，找出其他量子关联与量子纠缠在不同系统、不同量子信息任务中的本质区别；（2）分析量子关联演化过程中出现的奇异量子现象及其产生的物理机制，提出保持或增强量子关联的方法；（3）分析系统和环境的初始关联对多体量子关联演化的影响，研究系统与环境之间的多体量子关联转移，建立多体量子关联的守恒关系。相关预期成果为应用更广泛的量子关联作为量子信息处理的资源提供理论分析和依据。

中文关键词： 量子退相干；量子关联；量子失协；量子纠缠；量子相变

英文摘要： Quantum discord，as a measure of quantum correlations apart from entanglement, exhibits greater advantages than entanglement in the dynamics process. This brings a new perspective for the development of quantum information processing. However, the definition of quantum discord involves difficult optimization procedure and can only apply for bipartite systems. Therefore, based on entanglement and quantum discord, we propose to apply other measures of quantum correlations，such as geometric measure of quantum discord, measurement-induced disturbance, measurement-induced nonlocality and global quantum discord to study the quantum correlations for bipartite and multipartite systems, which is very significant for the realization of efficient quantum information processing. The research mainly focus on (1) We study the simple means or approximate methods to calculate the quantum correlations, and find the essential differences between other quantum correlations and entanglement in different systems and tasks of quantum information processing. (2) By analysing the singular quantum phenomenons in the evolution of quantum correlations, we not only explain the physical mechanisms responsible for the phenomenons but also present the effective methods to maintain or improve the quantum correlations of the systems. (3) Through

英文关键词： quantum decoherence；quantum correlation；quantum discord；quantum entanglement；quantum phase transition