粒毛盘菌属黑色素活性筛选、分子修饰及构效关系研究

项目名称： 粒毛盘菌属黑色素活性筛选、分子修饰及构效关系研究

项目编号： No.31270060

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 叶明

作者单位： 合肥工业大学

项目金额： 82万元

中文摘要： 黑色素具有多种生物活性，因其通常不溶于水而极大程度地限制了它的应用。前期我们研究发现粒毛盘菌黑色素被精氨酸修饰后即水溶化，其抗氧化活性也明显提高。本项目拟赴华中等地区进行粒毛盘菌属标本的补点采集、分类鉴定与菌株分离，以扩充种质资源；筛选4-6株高产黑色素菌株进行发酵、分离纯化胞外黑色素（LE），进而通过凝胶层析技术进行分级分离制备均一性黑色素（HLE），并对其进行体外抗辐射、抗菌、抗肿瘤、抗氧化活性检测与筛选；应用质谱、红外光谱、核磁共振等技术解析2-4个活性较强的HLE结构，并利用20种常见氨基酸分别对其进行分子修饰，选择不同水溶性的氨基酸-黑色素(AHLE)以及高活性HLE进行体内外活性追踪。通过本项目研究，建立一种使黑色素水溶化的方法，阐明粒毛盘菌黑色素的结构与活性关系的规律，为粒毛盘菌属黑色素资源的深度开发与利用提供科学依据。本研究有望获得具有自主知识产权的新黑色素或先导化合物。

中文关键词： 粒毛盘菌黑色素；结构；分子修饰；水溶性；生物活性

英文摘要： Melanin has a variety of bioactivities, but its application is greatly limited because of its usually insolubleness in water. Our pre-studies show that melanin from Lachnum can be dissolved in water after it is modified with arginine, and its anti-oxidation activity is also enhanced obviously. In this study, Lachnum samples will be supplementarily collected in Central China and other regions, classified and identificated, and strains will be isolated from them for expanding germplasm resources. 4-6 high-yield melanin strains of Lachnum will be screened and be used for fermentation, separation and purification of extracellular melanin (LE), and then the homogeneous melanin (HLE) can be prepared by gel filtration chromatography for fractionation. Furthermore, their activities such as anti-radiation, anti-bacteria, anti-tumor and anti-oxidation in vitro are to be detected and screened. Applications of mass spectrometry, infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance techniques to analyze their structures, 2-4 kinds of more active HLE will be modified with 20 common amino acids, respectively. Afterwards, amino acids-melanin (AHLE) of different water-solubility and more active HLE will be selected for active tracking in vitro and in vivo. A method to water-solublize melanin shall be established through this study.

英文关键词： Lachnum melanin；structure；molecular modification；water solubility；biological activities