高导热石墨/铝复合材料的制备与热传导机制研究

项目名称： 高导热石墨/铝复合材料的制备与热传导机制研究

项目编号： No.51501209

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 一般工业技术

项目作者： 薛晨

作者单位： 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 目前，微电子技术发展日新月异，电子设备功率不断增大，解决散热问题显得尤为急迫和关键。石墨导热材料具备低密度、高热导率、低膨胀系数和可加工性优良等优势，是最具应用潜力的热工管理材料之一。然而，石墨复合材料的制备存在着很大的问题：片层石墨阻隔和石墨-铝界面结合性较差。本项目采用在片层石墨中加入铝颗粒来改善片层石墨间的阻隔，选用铝颗粒可以避免第二相颗粒加入后带来的颗粒-铝基体界面，导致复合材料界面热阻增大；对片层石墨镀覆硼、硅和钨来改善石墨和铝基体间的界面结合，探索片层石墨表面镀层工艺、不同镀层后片层石墨与铝基体之间的界面形貌、反应产物以及结合情况；对不同片层石墨表面纳米结构、不同制备工艺获得的复合材料进行热导率测试分析，着重探索复合材料界面、片层石墨阻隔颗粒、片层石墨取向对复合材料热导的影响；以并串联模型为基础，考虑片层石墨取向、界面等因素的影响，建立片层石墨/铝的热导预测模型。

中文关键词： 铝基复合材料；界面；热导率；模型

英文摘要： Recently, the microelectronics technology steps in a rapid development period, resulting in the increases of the power for the electronic equipment. Thus, it is very urgent and also important to remove the heats. Graphite composites are considered to be one of the most potential thermal management materials due to the low density, thermal expansion, high thermal conductivity and excellent processability. However, it still remains serious problems for fabricating the graphite composites. The first problem is that the graphite flakes leave almost no space between them making metal infiltration an almost unfeasible task. The second problem is the poor interfacial bonding between graphite and aluminium. The first problem can be overcome through infiltrating a metallic alloy into packed mixtures of flakes and aluminium particle. The selection of aluminium particle can avoid the increase of the interfaces between the particle and matrix, lead to the increase of the interfacial thermal resistance. The interfacial debonding between graphite and matrix can be improved via coating B, Si and W on graphite surface. The interfacial morphology, reaction products and bonding condition are explored after the coating process. The thermal conductivity of the composites with different preparation and nano-structure on graphite surface are tested. The effects of the interface, the added aluminium particles and the graphite orientation on thermal conductivity are studied. The project is based on the series and parallel models, and considers the factors of orientation, interface, and so on to establish the prediction model of thermal conductivity for the graphite flake/aluminium composites.

英文关键词： Aluminum matrix composite;Interface;Thermal conductivity;Model