卫星受限条件下的中长基线变形监测方法

项目名称： 卫星受限条件下的中长基线变形监测方法

项目编号： No.41204011

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 地球物理学和空间物理学

项目作者： 刘志平

作者单位： 中国矿业大学

项目金额： 26万元

中文摘要： 在不增加硬件设备的情况下，研究卫星信号受限条件下(具有信号盲区的城市、山区峡谷仅3-4颗同步卫星)的中长基线变形监测，实现三维变形与残余对流层延迟的动态估计。主要研究内容有：分析监测对象的先验变形特征，研究GPS观测值的矢量利用方式，顾及残余对流层延迟水平与垂直梯度参数化，提出矢量GPS变形监测建模方法。分析信噪比、卫星高度角及新变量表征观测值精度与相关性的效果，研究随机模型精化的最优变量组合，并建立与实时估计一致的多变量随机模型。综合广义最小二乘平差、不等式约束平差及方差分量估计理论，提出适用于矢量GPS监测模型的广义参数平差方法，并进行矿区中长基线监测应用研究。本项目的研究成果，将有效提高GPS可用性与扩大监测范围，对无额外设备成本的连续变形监测、无缝导航定位及实时气象学等研究具有重要的理论与实用价值。

中文关键词： 变形监测；受限条件；随机模型；矢量建模；广义参数平差

英文摘要： Under the limited conditions of the low availability with 3~4 visible satellites at city valley or mountain valley, GPS Medium and Long Range deformation monitoring method without additional hardware is studied for dynamic estimation of 3D deformation and residual troposphere delay. Firstly, based on the analysis and research of priori deformation features of monitoring targets, the usage mode of GPS observations, the horizontal and vertical gradient differences of the residual troposphere delay, and the orthogonal projection principle, the modeling method using vector mode is proposed for GPS deformation monitoring. Secondly, from the view of satellite elevation angle, signal-to-noise ratio and more effective new variables, the priori stochastic model is researched for establishing multivariable stochastic model equal with real-time estimation result. Thirdly, by integrating generalized least squares adjustment, the inequality constraints adjustment and variance components estimation theory, the generalized parameter adjustment method is presented for vector GPS deformation monitoring model. At last, applied research for mining subsidence monitoring using GPS is implemented to test the validity of the novel model and method. This project research achievement would effectively improve GPS usability and deformati

英文关键词： Deformation Monitoring；Limited Conditions；Stochastic Model；3D Vector Equation；Generalized Parameter Adjustment