预氧化耦合高温闪速活化对生物质焦的改性机理研究

项目名称： 预氧化耦合高温闪速活化对生物质焦的改性机理研究

项目编号： No.51476098

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 能源与动力工程

项目作者： 罗永浩

作者单位： 上海交通大学

项目金额： 83万元

中文摘要： 以生物质焦高效脱除气化焦油为目标，提出预氧化耦合高温闪速活化的生物质焦改性方法。通过预氧化热解抑制焦油对孔隙的堵塞，在焦表面生成高活性的含氧官能团；再通过有氧气氛下的高温闪速活化，使焦预氧化时生成的含氧官能团迅速脱落打开闭孔增大比表面积，同时又不至于长时间地停留在高温环境下消耗碳骨架结构。针对该改性方法中含氧官能团的重构与脱落机制这一关键科学问题，采用原位红外表征技术与量子化学计算模拟相结合，构建详细的分子反应机理；利用热网反应器升温速率快，热惯性小的特点，分析预氧化与高温闪速活化作用的耦合机制对焦物理化学性质的改性机理；搭建微反应器，研究并揭示活化生物质焦对多环芳烃催化转化的作用机理。本项目提出的生物质焦改性方法可望实现焦油的高效低成本脱除及转化，将为突破生物质气化的商业化应用技术瓶颈奠定坚实的理论基础。

中文关键词： 生物质；预氧化；高温闪速活化；原位；催化裂解

英文摘要： In order to improve the tar conversion efficiency in biomass syngas with the catalysis of biochar, we put forward the method of pre-oxidation coupling high- temperature-flash activation for biochar modification. Pre-oxidation pyrolysis will inhibit the pyrolysis tar blocking at the surface of char pore and promote the formation of active surface oxygenic functional groups. Further, through transient high temperature activation at oxidative atmosphere, the surface oxygenic functional groups created at pre-oxidation process will dissociate from the char pore surface, giving rise to the opening of closed pore and the increasing of surface area. What's more, transient activation will not lead to the consumption of carbon skeleton by oxidation. Aiming at revealing the key scientific question 'the reconstruction and dissociation mechanism of surface oxygenic functional groups' for biochar modification, we intend to combine the in situ FTIR surface characterization techniques and quantum chemistry theory to establish the detail molecule reaction mechanism of biochar activation. At the same time, wire-mesh reactor, with the characteristics of high heating rate and small thermal inertia, will be used to investigate the coupling mechanism of pre-oxidation and high temperature activation in biochar modification mechanism. A micro reactor will be set up to investigate the catalytic mechanism of activated biochar on the conversion of PAHs. This project proposes biochar modification method, which is expected to achieve the conversion and reduction of tar with high efficiency at a low cost. This work will provide theoretical support for the breaking through of key problem and the development of biomass gasification commercial application.

英文关键词： biomass;pre-oxidation;high-temperature-flash activation;in-situ;catalytic cracking