典型海洋浮游异养细菌溶解有机质代谢利用的组学比较研究

项目名称： 典型海洋浮游异养细菌溶解有机质代谢利用的组学比较研究

项目编号： No.41276131

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 汤凯

作者单位： 厦门大学

项目金额： 68万元

中文摘要： 海洋浮游异养细菌能转运与代谢转化溶解有机质（DOM），它们被认为是"微型生物碳泵"的主角。异养细菌具有不同营养策略，利用DOM各有特点。要确立异养细菌海洋碳循环相关生态过程与机制还须明晰其代谢利用有机质的微观过程。关键基因和蛋白可以表征细菌代谢利用DOM过程。因此，本项目将在已有工作基础上，运用基因组学和蛋白质组学等技术，聚焦"转运"与"代谢"过程基因、蛋白，比较寡营养与富营养细菌的代谢特点；并且结合自然海区近岸和外海两种典型环境的现场调查，揭示异养细菌群落有机质代谢的宏蛋白质组。本项目为细菌与环境适应机制的研究提供新视角和新参数，也为前沿科学问题"微型生物碳泵"微观过程与机制研究提供重要参考。本项目拟解决2个关键科学问题：1）典型异养细菌有机质代谢异同的关键分子基础；2）自然海洋环境中细菌群落结构及宏蛋白随环境变化的基本特征。本项目将建立海洋微型生物转运蛋白数据库。

中文关键词： 异养细菌；溶解有机质；组学；玫瑰杆菌；黄杆菌

英文摘要： Heterotrophic bacterioplankton play critical roles in "microbiological carbon pump" by transporting, assimilating and redistributing dissolved organic matter (DOM) in the oceans. Bacteria with different trophic strategies have distinct characteristics of DOM utilization. Characterizations of bacterial DOM utilization at the molecular level is needed to understand its ecological process and mechanism in ocean carbon cycling. The key genes and proteins are the molecular basis of bacterial DOM utilization. Thus, based on our previous work, this project will focus on genes and proteins from "transportation" and "metabolism" pathways identified by genomic and proteomic technologies. The project aims to characterize metabolisms in oligotrophic and copiotrophic bacteria and to investigate the metaproteomic in organic matter utilization in heterotrophic bacterial community along nearshore/offshore transects. The project provides a new perspective and parameters for the study of bacterial adaptation to the environment, and an important reference for the cutting-edge scientific issue "the biological process and mechanism of microbiological carbon pump". The project intends to address two key scientific issues: 1) the molecular basis of various organic matter metabolic pathways in heterotrophic bacteria, and 2) characteriz

英文关键词： heterotrophic bacteria；dissolved organic matter；omics；Roseobacter；Flavobacteria