大型复杂轴类零件车铣复合加工动力学与运动规划

项目名称： 大型复杂轴类零件车铣复合加工动力学与运动规划

项目编号： No.51275189

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 机械、仪表工业

项目作者： 闫蓉

作者单位： 华中科技大学

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 在正交车铣和一般车铣复合加工大型复杂轴类零件的过程中，不同加工阶段、不同"刀具-工件"相对位置和姿态的工艺系统动态特性存在明显差异，切削力随偏心距和行距等加工参数改变，这些因素都使加工平稳性判别变得复杂。针对具体轴类零件外筒复杂轮廓和支柱偏心型腔的几何特点，深入研究正交车铣和一般车铣复合加工动态特性与运动规划之间的内在关系，建立新的运动规划理论和方法，可满足大型复杂轴类零件对高质高速车铣复合加工的迫切需求。 本项目提出大型复杂轴类零件车铣复合加工动力学与运动规划方法。建立车铣复合加工动力学模型，分析不同加工阶段、不同"刀具-工件"相对位置和姿态时，切削力激励作用下加工稳定性与工艺系统动态特性之间的非线性映射关系，建立加工稳定性多维叶瓣图；在保证加工稳定性的前提下，优化车铣复合加工刀具路径，合理选择偏心距、行距和进给速度等加工参数，保证大型复杂轴类零件正交车铣和一般车铣的加工效率和加工质量。

中文关键词： 轴类零件；车铣加工；加工稳定性；加工参数优化；运动规划

英文摘要： In the process of orthogonal turn-milling and general turn-milling, dynamics of machining system changes when machining process changes or when relative pose between cutter and workpiece changes. Also, cutting force changes along with machining parameters such as eccentricity, row width and so on. Both of above factors make machining stability discrimination really complicated. According to the geometric characteristics of complex outer cylinder and eccentric cavity of the support of the shafts, further study is required to research the relationship between dynamics of turn-milling and tool-path planning. In order to meet the urgent requirement of high-quality and high-efficiency NC turn-milling for the production of large-scale and complex shafts, it is essential to establish a new tool-path planning method. Dynamics method of turn-milling for the large-scale and complex shafts is proposed. Tool-path planning based on it is also proposed. Firstly, dynamics model of turn-milling is established. Under cutting force excitation, nonlinear relationship between machining stability and dynamic characteristics of machining system is analyzed secondly for different relative-pose between cutter and workpiece in different machining processes. Lastly, tool-path for turn-milling is optimized on the premise of machining sta

英文关键词： shaft parts；turn-milling；machining stability；machining parameters optimization；motion planning