山区水库滑坡涌浪翻坝机制研究

项目名称： 山区水库滑坡涌浪翻坝机制研究

项目编号： No.51309171

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 水利工程

项目作者： 肖鸿

作者单位： 四川大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 滑坡体失稳高速入水会激起巨大涌浪，当涌浪高度超过坝顶时，会造成翻坝事故。历史上已发生多起由滑坡涌浪翻坝造成灾害的实例。目前大量的研究主要针对滑坡涌浪的产生机理，而对滑坡涌浪翻坝机制的研究还较为薄弱。本项目依托项目承担单位多年开展的西南山区高库大坝高边坡稳定性、滑坡涌浪、洪水漫坝等研究成果，以滑坡涌浪翻坝事故为主要对象，采用理论分析、模型试验与数值模拟相结合的方法，围绕滑坡涌浪翻坝过程中3个关键科学问题：（1）如何确定坝前涌浪高度？（2）涌浪翻坝模式是什么？（3）如何确定翻坝流量，开展山区水库滑坡涌浪翻坝机制的研究。本项研究工作将对影响滑坡涌浪翻坝事故的环境因素进行系统的分析，为后续研究翻坝洪水对下游的危害、滑坡涌浪的灾害链效应、大坝后坡的冲刷机制等科学问题提供理论支持。

中文关键词： 滑坡涌浪；涌浪翻坝；流固耦合；涌浪传播；山区水库

英文摘要： Landslide-generated waves are formed as high-speed rock or soil mass entering the water. When the wave heights exceed the elevation of dam crest, dam overtopping events occur. Historically, dam overtopping events have caused serious disasters all over the world. Many research works are focused on the generation mechanism of landslide-generated waves, while few investigated the dam overtopping mechanism of landslide-generated waves in reservoirs. Based on our previous research results on landslide-generated waves and dam breaking, this proposal aims to study the overtopping mechanism of landslide-generated in mountainous reservoirs. Experiments and numerical simulations are to be carried out to solve 3 key scientific problems concerned in this proposal, namely, (1) wave height in front of dam, (2) dam overtopping modes, and (3) overtopping discharge and sheer stress. The effects of environmental parameters on dam overtopping of landslide-generated waves will be also investigated. The results are of great importance for future studies of overtopping floods, disaster chain of dam overtopping, and local scour at the dam rear.

英文关键词： Landslide generated waves；Dam overtopping；Fluid-solid coupling；Wave propagation；Mountain reservoir