基于自供电磁流变阻尼器的斜拉索减振理论与试验研究

项目名称： 基于自供电磁流变阻尼器的斜拉索减振理论与试验研究

项目编号： No.51308214

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 建筑科学

项目作者： 汪志昊

作者单位： 华北水利水电大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 斜拉索的有效减振技术，对斜拉桥的安全运营至关重要。斜拉桥已进入千米级时代，最长斜拉索超过500 米。相对短索，超长斜拉索的振动控制尤为困难。被动控制由于受阻尼器安装高度的限制难以提供足够的阻尼，理论上控制效果较好的主动控制所需能量又太大，而富有前景的磁流变(MR)阻尼器半主动控制也需要一定的外界电源供给。本项目拟研发基于自供电MR 阻尼器的斜拉索减振新技术。其核心思想是基于电磁式振动能量回收技术研制高效的拉索振动能量回收电机，使得MR阻尼器摆脱对外部电源的依赖，形成自供电MR 阻尼器拉索减振系统。该系统一方面利用能量回收电机的传感功能，并结合速度反馈与负刚度控制算法实现MR阻尼器的半主动控制或智能被动控制，以增强斜拉索的整体减振效果；另一方面利用能量回收电机的附加被动电磁阻尼，重点增强拉索的高阶模态减振效果。

中文关键词： 斜拉索；振动控制；自供电磁流变阻尼器；振动能量回收；被动负刚度

英文摘要： Effective vibration control technology for stay cables is extremely critical to safe operations of cable-stayed bridges. The main span of cable-stayed bridges has been above a thousand meters, in which the longest stay cable can be more than 500 meters. Vibration control of super-long stay cables is more difficult than that of short cables. For super-long cables, passive control can not provide sufficient damping since its installation height is restricted to a low level. In theory active control can obtain good control performance, but it requires too much external energy. Semi-active control based on magneto-rheological (MR) dampers is quite promising but still with external power supply. This project aims to develop new mitigation technology for stay cables based on self-powered MR dampers. Its key idea is to develop high-efficient vibration energy harvesting motors, which can make MR dampers be free from dependence on the external power supply. As a result, vibration control system based on self-powered MR dampers is realized. On the one hand, to improve the control performance of stay cables, semi-active control or smart passive control in this system can be achieved with the combination of sensing abilities of motors, velocity feedback control as well as negative stiffness control. On the other hand, contr

英文关键词： stay cable；vibration control；self-powered MR damper；vibrational energy harvesting；passive negative stiffness