分子弹簧的基础力学问题及在隔振缓冲应用中的关键技术

项目名称： 分子弹簧的基础力学问题及在隔振缓冲应用中的关键技术

项目编号： No.11472127

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 陈前

作者单位： 南京航空航天大学

项目金额： 86万元

中文摘要： 被动隔振技术因简单有效而应用广泛，然而在低频重载隔振领域，长期存在着低固有频率与小静变形无法兼有的瓶颈。为保证隔振器具有高承载能力和低动态刚度，本项目提出一种分子弹簧隔振缓冲技术。分子弹簧是一种由水和布满纳米级孔道的疏水材料组成的隔振缓冲介质。当振动、冲击发生时，随着外力对分子弹簧加载卸载，水分子进出多孔材料的疏水微孔，实现能量的存储、释放和消耗。初步研究表明，分子弹簧具有高承载刚度、低动态刚度和高限位刚度的分段刚度特性，在重型装备的隔振缓冲应用方面具有颇为突出的优势。本项目的研究按照基础理论研究、隔振缓冲技术中的静动力学设计及应用分析的顺序而展开，首先从微观方面对分子弹簧的工作原理进行本质性阐释，进一步设计分子弹簧隔振缓冲装置并研究其静、动力学特性，最后结合实际工程将分子弹簧应用于柔性双层隔振平台。

中文关键词： 分子弹簧；重载低频；隔振；分段刚度；多自由度

英文摘要： Passive vibration isolation technology is widely utilized because of its simpleness and effectiveness. However, in the field of heavy equipment with low frequency, it seems impossible to achieve low nature frequency and small static distortion at the same time. To assure high bearing capability and low working stiffness for an isolation system, this proposal introduces molecular spring isolation technology. Molecular spring is a class of vibration isolation and shock absorption medium which consists of water and hydrophobic nanoporous materials. In the case of vibration and impact, loading and unloading take turns. Water intrudes into and extrudes from hydrophobic pores of nanoporous materials and at the same time stores, releases and dissipates energy. The piecewise nonlinear high-low-high stiffness is confirmed in the earlier research,and as a result, the molecular spring has advantage in vibration isolation for heavy equipment. Fundamental research, static and dynamic design for vibration isolation and shock absorption and application analysis are developed orderly in this proposal. First of all, working principle of molecular spring is explained microcosmically. Then, the molecular spring isolator and shock absorber is schemed out for static and dynamic properties research. And last, a practical flexible floating raft based molecular spring isolator is proposed.

英文关键词： molecular spring;heavy equipment with low frequency;vibration isolation;piecewise stiffness;multi-degree of freedom