铌硅基中高温选择性吸收涂层的稳定性研究

项目名称： 铌硅基中高温选择性吸收涂层的稳定性研究

项目编号： No.51506205

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 能源与动力工程

项目作者： 孙耀明

作者单位： 哈尔滨工业大学

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 太阳能中高温选择性吸收涂层是太阳能中高温利用的关键材料，除了需要具有较高的吸收率和较低的发射率，高温稳定性是制约其实用化的一大障碍。传统中高温选择性吸收涂层采用金属钼和钨等单质金属纳米粒子为吸收粒子，大气稳定性差；金属间化合物原子间的键合不仅有金属键，也包括离子键和共价键，具有较强的高温稳定性。.本项目拟采用高温稳定的铌硅金属间化合物为吸收粒子，分别采用铌硅的氮化物和氧化铟锡作为介质材料，形成介质材料包覆纳米粒子的吸收层。首先分析低温发射率和高温发射率的区别，研究填充因子、膜系结构对高温发射率的影响，对膜系进行光学设计和光谱裁剪，降低涂层高温发射率；其次对涂层热处理前后的结构、成分、界面状态等分析，得到高温条件下膜层性能退化机理，重点研究氮元素和易结晶氧化铟锡掺入对膜层致密性的影响，以及致密性和高温稳定性的关系。本课题的研究将为降低发射率和提高涂层稳定性开辟新的路径，具有重大的科学意义。

中文关键词： 磁控溅射；非真空中高温选择性吸收涂层；铌硅金属间化合物；失效机理；稳定性

英文摘要： Mid- and high-temperature selective absorber is one of the key apparatus of solar thermal power generation. The solar selective absorbers should exhibit high- temperature thermal stability in air rather than in vacuum, as well as high solar absorptance and low thermal emittance. The traditional coating in which Molybdenum and Tungsten nanoparticles were used exhibited poor atmospheric thermal stability. Intermetallic with not only metal bonds but also ionic and covalent bonds shows high thermal stability in air..In this research, The absorbing layer contains two thermally stable components, Niobium silicon intermetallic (Nb5Si3) was used as absorbing particles, Niobium silicon nitride (NbSiN) and Tin-doped Indium oxide (ITO) were used as dielectric material, respectively, and the Nb5Si3 nano particles would scatter in the dielectric NbSiN or ITO. Firstly，the difference of emittance between low temperature and high temperature was studied, and the influence of fill factor and structure on emittance of high temperature. Lower emittance of high temperature and high thermal stable coatings would be achieved by spectrum tailoring and theoretical design. Secondly, the degradation mechanism of high temperature in air was researched by structure, composition and interface states. The influence of adding Nitrogen and ITO to the coating on compactness would be researched, and the effect of compactness and thermal stability would be deeply discussed. The research would become the theoretical foundation for non-vacuum mid- and high- temperature solar selective absorbers.

英文关键词： magnetron sputtering;non vacuum mid- and high- temperature solar selective absorber;Niobium Silicon intermetallic ;degradation mechanism;thermal stability