西南喀斯特区生态恢复过程中植被与土壤养分的协同演变机制

项目名称： 西南喀斯特区生态恢复过程中植被与土壤养分的协同演变机制

项目编号： No.41471445

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 地质学

项目作者： 王克林

作者单位： 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所

项目金额： 98万元

中文摘要： 随着大规模石漠化治理与生态建设工程的实施，西南喀斯特地区植被覆盖率持续提高，生态系统退化趋势发生逆转。然而由于土壤属性恢复滞后，植被恢复的可持续性面临挑战，其中土壤有机质积累缓慢，养分供给能力不足成为植被恢复中后期的关键限制因子之一。本研究拟基于大尺度野外调查、多样点观测试验和遥感数据，分析区域尺度土壤养分与喀斯特环境因子之间的关系，探明土壤养分的空间分布格局及其主要影响因子；在景观尺度结合土壤养分变化的关键生态过程（凋落物归还、微生物群落结构等）研究，阐明不同地质背景下土壤养分随植被恢复的变化特征，揭示植被恢复过程中土壤养分积累对环境因子的响应规律；通过养分添加试验和土壤种子库萌发试验，探讨植物群落结构对土壤养分库特征的差异响应，阐明土壤养分对植物群落构建和生产力形成的影响，揭示土壤养分与植被的协同演变机制，为喀斯特生态系统服务提升与植被重建的中后期调控措施制定提供科学依据。

中文关键词： 恢复演替；景观格局；生态过程；喀斯特生态系统

英文摘要： Attributed to the ecological restoration projects and rocky desertification control projects, the degradation trend of karst ecosystem has been reversing, and the vegetation cover is substantially improving in Southwest China recently. However, soil restoration is slow. Particularly, the recovery processes of soil organic carbon and soil mineral nutrients are very slow, which definitely limited the net primary productivity (NPP) and ecosystem sustainability in this region. Through the integration of large-scale field survey, multi-point monitoring experiment, and remote sensing data, the objectives of this project were to 1) analyze the relationship between soil mineral nutrients and environmental factors to document the spatial pattern of soil mineral nutrients at large-scale and figure out its primary factor(s), 2) compare the status of soil mineral nutrients over vegetation succession under different geological background and integrate with the key ecological processes that affect soil nutrients to reveal how environmental factors affects the accumulation of soil nutrients, and 3) explore the response of plant community structure and its ecological functioning to soil nutrients via a fertilization experiment and a germination experiments to reveal the mechanisms of how soil nutrient levels affects and maintains the plant community construction and productivity. The project will potentially improve the ecological services of soils of karst ecosystems, provide scientific basis for managing of vegetation recovery and for optimizing of artificial inputs to karst ecosystems under mid- and late-succession stages.

英文关键词： Reinstate succession;Landscape pattern;Ecological processes;Karst ecosystems