鳞翅目昆虫家蚕无鳞片翅突变体成因的研究

项目名称： 鳞翅目昆虫家蚕无鳞片翅突变体成因的研究

项目编号： No.31272379

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 张志芳

作者单位： 中国农业科学院生物技术研究所

项目金额： 77万元

中文摘要： 翅原基是完全变态昆虫的主要成虫盘之一，最终发育成为成虫的翅膀。鳞翅目昆虫的鳞片与果蝇的刚毛具有相同的起源和相似的基因组织与调控方式。通过先期的资助项目，以我们发现和保存的家蚕翅无鳞片突变体scaleless 为材料，初步证明突变体的形成是由翅原基中气管的延伸受阻进而引起了翅面细胞过度凋亡而导致的，家蚕中achaete-scute复合体的同源基因ASH-2在突变体的启动子上游的一个顺式元件缺失，导致该基因的不正常表达引起了翅无鳞毛表型产生。在此基础上，本申请拟以差异蛋白质组学、差异转录组学、细胞生物学等技术重点研究Bm-ASH2基因的表达是通过哪些基因影响了突变体翅面气管末端细胞的发育和延伸？突变体翅面细胞过度凋亡又是如何与Bm-ASH2的表达相联系的？希冀通过上述研究，阐明翅面气管发育和/或翅面细胞凋亡的调控通路中关键基因的调控机理，进一步探明翅面鳞片形成的分子机理和翅面细胞定型模式。

中文关键词： 无鳞片突变；细胞凋亡；气管发育；MAPK通路；Notch通路

英文摘要： The wing disc is one of the larval primordial of holometabolous insects and will develop to the wing of the adult insect at last. The wing scales of the lepidopteran insect have a homologous structure to the bristles of fruitfly (Drosophila melanogaster). It has been also proposed that development of fruitfly's bristles and lepidopteran wing scales occur in a similar manner. In the previous funding program, our results proved that the extension of the tracheal system in the wing disc was blocked, which resulted in the wing disc cells excess apoptosis in the wing scaleless mutant of silkworm(Bombyx mori). There was a cis-acting element deletion within the promoter of achaete-scute homologs Bm-ASH2, resulting in the weakness of Bm-ASH2 expression and the scaleless-wings phenotype. In this program, comparative protemics, comparative transcriptomics, cell biology and other techniques will be used to study the genes which are affected by the expression of Bm-ASH2 and involved in the development and extension of tracheal system in wing disc of wing scaleless mutant. Moreover, how can we establish a relationship between the excessive apoptosis of mutant wing surface cells and Bm-ASH2 expression? According to all of above, we hope to explore the regulatory mechanism of the key genes in the pathway of tracheal developmen

英文关键词： scaleless mutant；apoptosis；tracheal growth；MAPK pathway；Notch pathway