部分饱和孔隙介质中地震波的衰减和频散机理研究

项目名称： 部分饱和孔隙介质中地震波的衰减和频散机理研究

项目编号： No.41204089

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 地球物理学和空间物理学

项目作者： 张会星

作者单位： 中国海洋大学

项目金额： 26万元

中文摘要： 生产实践表明：地震波穿过含油气储层时发生明显的能量衰减和速度频散现象，研究地震波在含流体介质中的传播规律，揭示孔隙流体对地震波能量衰减和速度频散的影响机理，可完善现有地震勘探理论并为基于地震资料的流体检测技术提供理论依据与新思路。考虑流体中观流动的部分饱和孔隙介质模型能够解释地震勘探频带内地震波的衰减和频散现象，但目前尚未建立对应的地震波方程，有关机理也未做深入研究。本课题拟以White模型和Biot理论为基础，利用Johnson得到的Biot参数，建立含流体中观流动的部分饱和孔隙介质中的地震波方程；在平面波假设条件下通过求解方程解析解研究地震波衰减与频散特性和岩石含流体性、流体粘滞性、孔隙度、渗透率、饱和度等的关系；研究数值模拟算法实现部分饱和孔隙介质中地震波方程的正演模拟，综合理论分析与数值模拟结果研究该类介质中地震波的能量衰减与速度频散机理，为提高地震资料的反演精度提供新思路。

中文关键词： 部分饱和孔隙介质；波动方程；衰减；频散；

英文摘要： It is observed that oil and gas reservoirs frequently exhibit high seismic wave attenuation and velocity dispersion, especially at low seismic frequencies. Therefore, a deep understanding of seismic propagation in porous rocks containing fluids, combined with the mechanism revelation of seismic attenuation and dispersion influenced by the fluids can consummate the existing seismic exploration theories, and also can provide new theretical basis and new method for fluid detection based on seismic data. The partially saturated rock model with mesoscopic scale fluid flow can explain the high attenuation and dispersion of seismic waves in seismic band, but so far the corresponding seismic wave equations have not been established, and the related mechanisms have not been intensively studied. On the basis of White's model and Biot's theory, we are about to use Biot's parameters obtained by Johnson to establish seismic wave equations in partially saturated rocks with mesoscale fluid flow. Then, on the hypothesis of plane waves, through solving the equations, we will study the seismic attenuation and dispersion and discuss the effect of fluid viscocity, porosity, permeability,saturation on seismic waves. Next, we are going to study the forward modeling algorithm to realize numerical simulations of partially saturated ro

英文关键词： Patchy saturated porous medium；propagation equation；attenuation；dispersion；