重金属和抗生素复合污染的微生物生态效应及其对硝化细菌群落作用机制

项目名称： 重金属和抗生素复合污染的微生物生态效应及其对硝化细菌群落作用机制

项目编号： No.31500425

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 生态学

项目作者： 余彬彬

作者单位： 扬州大学

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 随着现代工农业的快速发展，大量新型污染物进入环境，形成传统污染物与新型污染物复合污染。根据我国土壤污染现状，以红壤、棕壤和褐土为代表性土壤，重金属（Cu和Zn）和抗生素（四环素类和大环内酯类）为研究对象，研究重金属和抗生素复合污染中有效态的重金属和抗生素及其代谢产物联合作用对土壤微生物的生态效应，及其对硝化细菌群落作用的分子机理。采用分析化学、分子生物学和生物信息学等方法，系统研究复合污染对土壤微生物群落结构、代谢途径和物质循环功能基因的生态效应及其机理，深入研究复合污染对硝化细菌群落结构和功能的影响，结合土壤中氮素形态变化，阐明氮循环功能微生物对复合污染的分子响应机制，揭示复合污染中有效态重金属和抗生素及其代谢产物在土壤中转归的微生物生态效应，及其对氮循环微生物影响的内在联系，为准确评价复合污染生态环境风险及其对氮循环影响机制提供科学依据。

中文关键词： 抗生素；重金属；复合污染；生态毒性效应；硝化细菌

英文摘要： With the development of modern industry and agriculture, joint pollution of traditional and emerging pollutants was found in soil environment. According to environmental pollution in China, typical soils (red soil, brown soil and cinnamon soill) were chosen, with traditional contaminants - heavy metals (Cu and Zn) and emerging contaminants - antibiotics (tetracyclines and macrolides) as test chemicals in this project. The research focused on the ecological effects of the bioavailability of heavy metals and antibiotics and their metabolites in joint pollution soil combined by heavy metals and antibiotics, as well as their molecular mechanism of the nitrifiying bacteria. Methods including analytical chemistry, molecular biology and bioinformatics methods were applied to study the ecological effects on microbial community structure, function and the key material circulation functional genes. The community structure of nitrifiying bacteria and nitrogen forms in soil were investigated to clarify the molecular mechanism of the nitrogen cycle in response to the joint pollution combined by heavy metals and antibiotics. The ecological effects of bioavailability of heavy metals and antibiotics and their metabolites in co-comtamination soil and their impact on microbial nitrogen cycle were revealed, providing a scientific basis for accurate evaluation of complex environmental pollution risks and ecological mechanisms of the nitrogen cycle.

英文关键词： antibiotics;heavy metals;combined pollution;ecological toxicity effect;nitrifying bacteria