不确定感应条件下定位传感器布局问题研究

项目名称： 不确定感应条件下定位传感器布局问题研究

项目编号： No.71301122

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 管理科学

项目作者： 戴宾

作者单位： 武汉大学

项目金额： 23万元

中文摘要： 不确定感应，即感应范围内的目标被感应的概率是不确定的，在现实中普遍存在。文献中大多数传感器布局模型都假设覆盖即被感应，因此这些模型无法用来优化不确定感应条件下的定位传感器布局问题。由于定位传感器技术在我国广泛实施的时间不长，基于不确定感应的传感器布局问题受到的关注非常少。本项目研究在不确定感应条件下如何优化定位传感器的布局，重点研究4个有代表性的、贴近实际的布局问题：（1）在目标上方平面垂直朝下布局传感器；（2）在目标上方平面自由朝向布局传感器；（3）三维空间自由布局传感器；（4）多类型多服务要求的传感器布局。我们将先建立不确定感应模型，然后基于各应用环境建立相应的附有随机约束的混合整数非线性规划模型，最后通过可行域分析及设计启发式算法对其进行求解。本项目有利于将不确定感应的定位传感器布局问题推向国际学术前沿，同时为我国的制造服务业提供切实可行的、可靠的定位传感器布局方案。

中文关键词： 不确定感应；传感器布局；超启发式算法；覆盖问题；鲁棒性

英文摘要： Probabilistic sensing，which means the sensing probability of a covered target is uncertainty, is common in practice. Most existing literature is based on the assumption that covered target will be sensed with 100% confidence, and therefore they are not capable in solving positioning sensor placement problem under the probabilistic sensing model. As the history of sensor implementation in china is not too long, there is little concern on sensor placement under the probabilistic sensing model. The main purpose of this study is to optimize the positioning sensor placement problems in the following four settings: (1) perpendicularly downward placement of sensors in the plane above the target; (2) non-perpendicularly downward placement of sensors in the plane above the target; (3) three-dimensional placement of sensors; (4) placing multiple types of beacons to fulfill various service requirements. We first formulate the probabilistic sensing model, and then based on specified applications formulated the sensor placement problem by mixed-integer nonlinear programs with a chance constraint; at last, the problem is addressed by feasible region analysis and evolutionary algorithm design. The ultimate goal of this study is to enlighten the positioning sensor placement problem under the probabilistic sensing model to the c

英文关键词： Probabilistic sensing；sensor placement；meta-heuristics；covering；robustness