探空温度传感器太阳辐射误差的计算流体力学分析与微型化设计研究

项目名称： 探空温度传感器太阳辐射误差的计算流体力学分析与微型化设计研究

项目编号： No.41275042

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 刘清惓

作者单位： 南京信息工程大学

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 提出用计算流体动力学（CFD）方法对多种探空温度传感器进行太阳辐射误差分析的新方法。研究建模、网格划分、求解和后处理。考虑多种变化因子，包括：涂层反射率、太阳高度角、上升速度、摆动、自旋、传感器形状尺寸、材料特性、引线支架尺寸和材料等，得出辐射误差，拟合出各种传感器的订正曲线族。该项目利用瞬态分析获得各传感器在不同大气条件下的迟滞特性。此方法可为预报和气候研究提供降低辐射误差的温度数据，有望为改善卫星遥感大气温度垂直分布的精度提供参考。项目还将设计、制备微型探空温度传感器芯片及测控系统。采用CFD方法对传感器及引线、支架和气流进行建模、分网和仿真，实现对传感器的设计优化。利用微纳米工艺制备芯片，利用电子束蒸发和磁控溅射在芯片表面制备高反射率膜。传感器指标：反射率≥95%，地面辐射误差≤0.04K，10hPa高空辐射误差≤0.1K。实施真空试验箱模拟测试和探空仪同球释放对比测试检验效果。

中文关键词： 探空；温度观测；辐射误差；流体；传感器

英文摘要： It is proposed in this project that computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods be used to tackle the problem of radiation heating errors of radiosonde temperature sensors. Model establishing, meshing, problem solving, and post processing are to be studied. A number of factors will be considered, including the reflectivity of the coating, solar elevation angle, radiosonde speed, lateral movement, radiosonde spinning, sensor size, sensor shape, sensor material properties, wires and other mechanical structural parameters. After numerical solutions of the radiation error are obtained, a series of radiation error correction equations may be established. In addition, the transient analysis will provide solutions for delay errors. The proposed method may provide a tool to improve weather forecast and climate research. It may also help improve the calibration references for satellite remote sensing of upper air temperature. The design of a micro-chip based radiosonde temperature sensor with miniaturized size is also provided in the project. In the project the signal processing circuits for this sensor will be accomplished. CFD simulation is used in the design modification of the sensor chip, air flow, the wire and the support structure on the radiosonde. Micro/nano fabrication technologies are used to produce this sens

英文关键词： sounding；temperature observation；radiation error；fluid；sensor