无机粘土/木质素接枝聚丙烯酰胺系复合高吸水树脂制备及其重金属离子吸附分离机制调控

项目名称： 无机粘土/木质素接枝聚丙烯酰胺系复合高吸水树脂制备及其重金属离子吸附分离机制调控

项目编号： No.31270603

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 谢建军

作者单位： 中南林业科技大学

项目金额： 82万元

中文摘要： 针对高吸水树脂要求高吸水保水化的同时复合化、低成本化和多功能化的热点和难点，根据实际使用环境和条件，综合利用木材水解与造纸工业废弃物- - 木质素，制备一类耐盐性无机粘土/木质素接枝共聚丙烯酰胺系复合高吸水树脂。采用单体亲水基团多样化和交联剂结构多样化与功能化，选择或合成具有适当结构和功能的第二/三单体和交联剂，以无机粘土（如蒙脱土、膨润土、高岭土）、木质素为原料，在引发剂作用下与丙烯酰胺及第二/三单体原位接枝共聚复合，调控聚合过程参数，获得无机粘土/木质素接枝共聚丙烯酰胺系复合高吸水树脂制备的关键技术，模拟竞争吸附过程，测试其在单一、混合重金属离子盐溶液的吸液吸附性能，检测与解析其吸液、吸附前后微观化学与形态结构的变化，阐明其微观结构与吸液、吸附性能间的关系，揭示其吸液、吸附分离机理，为含重金属离子废液处理的实际应用提供依据。

中文关键词： 木质素接枝共聚；吸水树脂；复合材料；重金属离子；吸附

英文摘要： In order to make superabsorbent have not only high water-absorbing and rentention water properties, but also composite, low-cost and inverse functional properties, a type of anti-salt inorganic clay/lignin graft-copolymerizing acrylamide system superabsorbent composites are prepared acording to the real applying environment and conditions, and the multipurpose using lignin which is the waste of the wood- hydrolysate and paper-making industries. The second or third monomers having a suitable structure and function are seclected or synthesized by employing inverse hydrophilization process, and the cross-linkers having suitable structure and function are seclected or synthesized by using the inverse structural and functional method. Under the action of the initiator(s) and the above-mentioned cross-linker, using inorganic clay(for example bentonite,monotmorillonite and kaolin) as the feed, the process of lignin graft-copolymerizing acrylamide and the sencond or third monomer is taken. The key preparing technology of the inorganic clay/lignin- g-acrylamide system superabsorbent composites is obtained by controlling the technological parameters of the polymerization process. The absorbencies and the adsorption capacities in the salt solutions with single or mixing heavy metal ion(s) are measured by simulating the com

英文关键词： lignin graft copolymerization；water-absorbing resin；composite；metal ions；absorption